The Center for Global Health Policy’s “Science Speaks” blog reports on a study published last week in the Journal of Infectious Diseases that compared data from 12 PEPFAR focus countries with data from 29 control countries to examine the potential impact of PEPFAR funding on the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. The researchers compared TB incidence and mortality rates from periods before and after PEPFAR implementation, and they found both have fallen significantly and to a higher degree in PEPFAR focus countries, the blog notes. “The results, [the researchers] say, point to the need for in-country scrutiny of access to antiretroviral medicines, the ‘three I’s’ of intensified case finding, isoniazid preventive therapy, and infection control of TB-HIV responses, as well as other efforts,” the blog notes (Barton, 8/9).