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An update of current state of microbicide development will be provided. Speakers will provide a state of microbicide development update, safety and efficacy data from CAPRISA 004 and implications of the CAPRISA 004 trial results for the microbicide and PrEP field.

At the International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo in 1994, governments worldwide agreed that sexual and reproductive health and rights include HIV services.

Following on the heels of The Lancet themed issue on HIV prevention launched at AIDS 2008, The Lancet has commissioned a series on the global HIV epidemic among people who use drugs.

Human resources have challenged efforts to scale-up HIV prevention, care and treatment programs in low- and middle-income countries.

HIV programs represent the first successful large-scale chronic disease program in resource-limited settings in history.

Recent guidelines are all recommending that HIV treatment be started at a higher CD4 count because of issues such as the ongoing damage caused by HIV itself, and prevention of transmission. Issues in long-term treatment, such as potential side effects, the development of resistance, the cost and sustainability of programmes in resource-poor settings, are some of the potential problems for such a strategy.

Participants of this roundtable include a chief of criminal policy, a high ranking police colonel who worked in drug law enforcement and the head of the Argentinean Public Defender’s Office. The moderator will lead the participants in a discussion of how law enforcement may contribute to a positive response to HIV, human rights, and public health and how the HIV community can engage the criminal justice system in a constructive dialogue.

It is widely recognised that human rights protections are key to an effective response to HIV and AIDS, and that law reform processes are imperative to secure human rights in the context of HIV.

Too many young people are living with or otherwise affected by HIV.

This session will examine how leaders from key populations have made a difference by being involved. It will look at selected examples of how their meangful involvement in AIDS policy and programme design has improved the AIDS response, from advocating to change counter productive policies and laws such as criminalization of behavior, to ensuring that universal access targets, AIDS strategies, programmes and monitoring and evaluation systems take into consideration their realities and needs.