Yes you can apply now. HealthCare.gov and all state marketplaces allow a special enrollment opportunity when people lose other coverage, including  job-based coverage.

In general, you have 60 days following the loss of other job-based coverage to apply for a special enrollment opportunity through the Marketplace. In HealthCare.gov and some other states, if you have advance notice of your coverage loss, you can apply for the special enrollment opportunity up to 60 days in advance.

After you complete your application, you may be asked to send documents to confirm you qualify for the special enrollment period in your Marketplace Eligibility Notice. If you are asked to submit documentation, you will be allowed to select a plan, but will not be able to use your coverage until you confirm your eligibility and make your first premium payment.

In general, your new Marketplace coverage will take effect on the first of the month following the date you select your new plan. If you apply in advance of coverage loss, in HealthCare.gov and some other states, you can elect to have new coverage begin on the first day of the month in which the triggering event occurs (e.g.-loss of health coverage).

Navigators are available to help people through this process. You can find the program closest to you at Find Local Help.