Medicaid

Medicaid work requirements

Medicaid and the Road Ahead: Spending Cuts, Work Requirements and What’s Next for States, Providers and Families

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Passed last year, President Trump’s One Big Beautiful Bill Act made significant changes to Medicaid—the primary insurance provider for health and long-term care for people with low incomes. These changes are expected to lead to coverage loss for many current enrollees and will reduce funding for Medicaid, placing new financial pressures on states and health care providers. On July 23, KFF and States Newsroom hosted an event focused on the impacts of work requirements and other federal policy changes on states, health care systems, and people.

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understanding medicaid

Medicaid Financing

Medicaid represents $1 out of every $5 spent on health care in the U.S. and is the major source of financing for states to provide health coverage and long-term care. This brief examines key questions about Medicaid financing and how it works.

Medicaid Program Integrity

This brief explains what is known about improper payments and fraud and abuse in Medicaid and describes ongoing state and federal actions to address program integrity.

Medicaid and Provider Taxes

All states except Alaska cover some state Medicaid costs with taxes on health care providers. This brief uses data from KFF’s 2024-2025 survey of Medicaid directors to describe current practices and the federal rules governing them.

Medicaid and Hospitals

Absorbing reductions in Medicaid spending could be challenging for hospitals, particularly for those that are financially vulnerable. This brief provides data on the reach of Medicaid across hospitals, patients, and charity care.

Medicaid Home Care

This issue brief provides an overview of what Medicaid home care (also known as “home- and community-based services”) is, who is covered, and what services were available in 2025.

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  • The Texas Health Care Landscape

    Fact Sheet

    This fact sheet summarizes the Texas health care landscape, including data on demographics, population health, the uninsured and the state Medicaid program. Fact Sheet (.pdf)

  • Impact of Shifting Immigration Policy on Medicaid Enrollment and Utilization of Care among Health Center Patients

    Issue Brief

    On August 14, 2019, the Trump administration published a final rule to broaden the programs the federal government will consider in public charge determinations to include Medicaid coverage for non-pregnant adults and certain previously excluded nutrition and housing programs. To learn about the possible early effects of the public charge rule and other immigration policies on patients at community health centers, this brief draws on interviews and survey data to capture health center directors’ and…

  • Medicaid Work Requirements and People with HIV

    Issue Brief

    This data note examines the potential implications of work requirements for people with HIV, a population that relies heavily on Medicaid and for whom there are important clinical and public health reasons for maintaining consistent access to insurance coverage and HIV care.

  • Health Coverage for Low-Income Adults:  Eligibility and Enrollment in Medicaid and State Programs, 2002

    Issue Brief

    Health Coverage for Low-Income Adults: Eligibility and Enrollment in Medicaid and State Programs, 2002 This policy brief provides new information on the number and characteristics of nonelderly adults eligible for Medicaid and other public coverage and on their enrollment. Because low-income adults often work at jobs that do not offer employer-sponsored coverage and individual coverage is prohibitively expensive for them, their uninsured rates are high. Although Medicaid and the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP)…

  • President’s FY 2009 Budget and SCHIP

    Fact Sheet

    President's FY 2009 Budget and SCHIP The President released his Fiscal Year 2009 budget proposal in January 2008. The President’s plan would increase the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) funding by $19.7 billion over the next five years, more than the $5 billion included in his FY 2008 budget proposal, but less than the $35 billion included in the SCHIP reauthorization bills that were vetoed last year. The Foundation's KCMU has prepared a fact…

  • Georgia’s Money Follows the Person Program: Helping People Move Back Home

    Issue Brief

    This brief profiles several Georgia residents who have participated in the state's Money Follows the Person demonstration program, which helps transition people from institutional long-term care back into their homes or the community. It is part of a larger package of resources examining the Money Follows the Person program. Profiles (.pdf)

  • Enrollment-Driven Expenditure Growth: Medicaid Spending During the Economic Downturn, FY 2007-2011

    Report

    This report presents data on changes in Medicaid's enrollment and spending between federal fiscal year 2007 and federal fiscal year 2011, a period which includes the worst economic downturn in the United States since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The paper also examines what factors drove Medicaid spending over the period, and concludes that overall spending growth from 2007 to 2011 was driven largely by the enrollment growth that resulted from many people losing…

  • What Happens When Public Coverage Is No Longer Available?

    Issue Brief

    This policy brief examines national data to determine the share of current enrollees of public health coverage programs who would have alternate coverage options if public coverage were no longer available. The authors estimate that no more than 9 percent of low-income adults would have access to an alternative source of insurance in the absence of public coverage. This research suggests that the vast majority of current enrollees affected by cutbacks in eligibility for public…