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Immigrant Health

Immigration Enforcement and Health

New DHS Guidance on Public Charge Determinations Does Not Specify Key Concepts, Likely Resulting in Immigrant Families Facing Ongoing Confusion and Fear

The guidance leaves key concepts unspecified and grants substantial discretion to individual immigration officers. This will likely result in ongoing confusion and fear among immigrant families that may deter them and their citizen children from participating in programs that help pay for health care, housing, or food even if they are eligible.

See Also: Potential “Chilling Effects” of Public Charge and Other Immigration Policies on Medicaid and CHIP Enrollment

Proposed $103,265 Fee for H-1B Visas Could Affect the Health Care Workforce

Health Care Experiences of Immigrant Parents and Their Children in the Second Trump Term

Recent State Actions Related to Immigrants’ Access to Services and Immigration Enforcement

How States Verify Citizenship and Immigration Status in Medicaid

KEY FACTS AND ANALYSIS

Health Coverage of Immigrants

Immigrants generally use less health care and have lower health spending than U.S.-born citizens, and noncitizen immigrants remain far more likely to be uninsured than citizens.

This fact sheet provides an overview of health coverage for immigrants based on data from the KFF/New York Times 2025 Survey of Immigrants and discusses implications of the current policy and immigration enforcement environment for their health and health care.

Analysis: Health and Health Care Experiences of Uninsured Immigrants

State Health Coverage for Immigrants and Implications for Health Coverage and Care

Children in Immigrant Families: Key Facts on Health Coverage and Care

Optional Medicaid and CHIP Coverage for Lawfully Present Immigrant Children Could Mitigate Coverage Losses Due to 2025 Reconciliation Law

1.4 Million Lawfully Present Immigrants are Expected to Lose Health Coverage due to the 2025 Tax and Budget Law

survey of immigrants

KFF-New York Times Survey: Immigrants Report Rising Fear, Negative Economic and Health Impacts, and Changing Political Views During the First Year of President Trump’s Second Term

The 2025 Survey of Immigrants, a partnership between KFF and The New York Times, takes an in-depth look at the experiences of immigrants during the first year of President Trump’s second term, including their worries related to increased immigration enforcement, their health and economic wellbeing, and the political views and preferences of immigrant voters. The survey paints a portrait of families under strain — where fear of detention and economic instability are negatively impacting immigrants’ health and reshaping immigrant families’ daily lives and views of U.S. political parties.

Read the News Release | Explore The New York Times’ Reporting

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  • The Trump Administration’s Proposed $103,265 Fee for H-1B Visas Could Affect the Health Care Workforce

    Quick Insights

    The proposed $103,265 fee could lead to reductions in U.S. health care workforce, increasing barriers to care….A decline in H-1B workers would disproportionately impact states that employ the largest shares of H-1B workers (NY, MA, CA, and PA), lower income and rural areas where H-1B health care workers often are employed, and smaller employers, who would face greater challenges paying the fee.

  • New Guidance on Public Charge Determinations Does Not Specify Key Concepts, Likely Resulting in Immigrant Families Facing Ongoing Confusion and Fear

    Quick Insights

    While the DHS guidance provides more details on public charge determinations under the new rule, it leaves key concepts unspecified and grants substantial discretion to individual immigration officers. This will likely result in ongoing confusion and fear among immigrant families that may deter them and their citizen children from participating in programs that help pay for health care, housing, or food even if they are eligible.

  • Health and Health Care Experiences of Uninsured Immigrants 

    Issue Brief

    This brief provides data on health and health care experiences of uninsured immigrant adults based on a KFF survey of immigrant adults ages 18 and older conducted in partnership with The New York Times in Fall 2025. The data provide insight into how the projected coverage losses under the 2025 reconciliation law may impact health and health care for immigrant families as more lawfully present immigrants become uninsured.

  • Untold KFF History Volume 4: Polling Partnerships with News Organizations

    From Drew Altman

    For the fourth in his “Untold KFF History” series, KFF’s Founding President and CEO Dr. Drew Altman discusses KFF’s polling partnerships with major news organizations—a practice that began with the Washington Post in 1995, with whom KFF has now conducted 37 major survey projects, and has since become central to KFF, helping to "magnify our polling by bringing together survey data, in-depth journalism and storytelling.

  • Tennessee Plans to Share Data on Children with Disabilities with Immigration Authorities

    Policy Watch

    This policy watch discusses a recent Tennessee law that requires the sharing of data for applicants and/or enrollees for the state's public assistance programs who do not have a qualified immigration status with immigration authorities, including for those enrolled in the state's Children's Special Services program, which serves children with disabilities.

  • Key Facts about the Uninsured Population

    Issue Brief

    The number and share of people without insurance grew in 2024, increasing for the first time since 2019, according to KFF's analysis of data from the American Community Survey (ACS). This issue brief describes trends in health coverage in 2024, examines the characteristics of the uninsured population , and summarizes the access and financial implications of not having coverage.