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Spending on Medicaid State Directed Payments Before New Limits Take Effect

Forty states and DC currently receive $93 billion in annual federal Medicaid spending through state directed payments (SDPs) and may be at risk due to forthcoming limits on these payments, according to new KFF estimates. Annual federal spending on SDPs is highest in California (an estimated $10.6 billion)—followed by Texas ($6.3 billion), North Carolina ($5.2 billion), and Illinois ($5.1 billion).

Forthcoming Policy Changes to Medicaid State Directed Payments

Changes to Medicaid State Directed Payments

The 2025 reconciliation law cut federal Medicaid spending by an estimated $911 billion from 2025 through 2034, some of which stems from new restrictions on Medicaid state directed payments (SDPs) for hospital and other health care services. This issue brief describes SDPs and forthcoming policy changes stemming from the 2025 law and the proposed regulation to implement those requirements and make other changes.

Medicaid Work RequiremEnts

Tracking the 2025 Reconciliation Law’s Medicaid Work Requirements: Data and Policies

To implement Medicaid work requirements, states will need to make important policy and operational decisions, implement needed system upgrades or changes, develop new outreach and education strategies, and hire and train staff, all within a relatively short timeframe. The information tracked here can serve as a resource to understand Medicaid work requirements and state options, gauge readiness, and track implementation of the requirements.

understanding medicaid

Medicaid Financing

Medicaid represents $1 out of every $5 spent on health care in the U.S. and is the major source of financing for states to provide health coverage and long-term care. This brief examines key questions about Medicaid financing and how it works.

Medicaid Program Integrity

This brief explains what is known about improper payments and fraud and abuse in Medicaid and describes ongoing state and federal actions to address program integrity.

Medicaid and Provider Taxes

All states except Alaska cover some state Medicaid costs with taxes on health care providers. This brief uses data from KFF’s 2024-2025 survey of Medicaid directors to describe current practices and the federal rules governing them.

Medicaid and Hospitals

Absorbing reductions in Medicaid spending could be challenging for hospitals, particularly for those that are financially vulnerable. This brief provides data on the reach of Medicaid across hospitals, patients, and charity care.

Medicaid Home Care

This issue brief provides an overview of what Medicaid home care (also known as “home- and community-based services”) is, who is covered, and what services were available in 2025.

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  • Medicaid’s Role in Long-Term Care: Q & A

    Fact Sheet

    Financing long-term care for the nearly 10 million Americans who need services and support to assist them in life’s daily activities continues to challenge the nation. While Medicaid is the nation’s major source of financing for long-term care services, paying for over 40% of total long-term care, its role is not well understood. Misperceptions on who qualifies and what is covered are common. A new question and answer fact sheet about Medicaid’s long-term care assistance…

  • Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers:  Health Insurance Coverage and Access to Care

    Report

    Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers: Health Insurance Coverage and Access to Care Nearly three million workers earn their living through migrant or seasonal farm labor. Migrant and seasonal farmworkers and their families confront health challenges stemming from the nature of their work, their extreme poverty and mobility, and living and working arrangements that impede access to health coverage and care. This brief provides an overview of migrant and seasonal farmworkers and the health challenges they face…

  • Current Issues in Medicaid Financing

    Report

    In recent years there has been much discussion about states’ use of creative financing to draw down additional federal funds for Medicaid financing. Some suggest a curb on these practices and the President’s FY2006 budget includes provisions targeting intergovernmental transfers (IGTs). The Commission has produced a fact sheet and briefs on Medicaid financing issues. Medicaid Financing Issues: Intergovernmental Transfers and Fiscal Integrity - An Overview of IGTs, UPLs, and DSH - Issue Brief Medicaid's Federal-State…

  • MaineCare and Its Role in Maine’s Healthcare System

    Report

    This paper explores the role of MaineCare, Maine’s Medicaid program, in the state’s health care system and the relationship between MaineCare and the Dirigo Health plan that the state approved in 2003. Report (.pdf)

  • Cost Containment Strategies For Prescription Drugs: Assessing The Evidence In The Literature

    Report

    This report describes and reviews various options to address prescription drug spending growth, including a description of each cost-containment strategy, its use by private or public payers, and a discussion of known evidence about its effectiveness or cost-saving potential. It was prepared for the Kaiser Family Foundation by Jack Hoadley, Ph.D., of the Health Policy Institute at Georgetown University. Report (.pdf)

  • One State’s Medicaid Managed Care Formulary Operations:  A Look at Pennsylvania, 2001-2002

    Report

    One State’s Medicaid Managed Care Formulary Operations: A Look at Pennsylvania, 2001-2002 This report examines formulary implementation under mandatory Medicaid managed care in Pennsylvania between 2001 and 2002. It looks at one state during a yearlong period; formulary operations are likely to vary across states and programs and over time. The report includes findings about Pennsylvania’s formulary operation and observations about improving the system. Report (.pdf)

  • The President’s FY 2006 Budget Proposal:

    Report

    Overview and Briefing Charts This chartpack reviews the President’s FY 2006 budget request to Congress and highlights overall budget assumptions and funding for major health programs. It begins with a description of the federal budget process, followed by an overview of federal surplus/deficit spending patterns dating back to 1969. It then turns to summary information on the overall composition of the Administration’s budget, followed by the President’s proposed funding for some of the major programs…

  • Health Coverage for Low-Income Adults:  Eligibility and Enrollment in Medicaid and State Programs, 2002

    Issue Brief

    Health Coverage for Low-Income Adults: Eligibility and Enrollment in Medicaid and State Programs, 2002 This policy brief provides new information on the number and characteristics of nonelderly adults eligible for Medicaid and other public coverage and on their enrollment. Because low-income adults often work at jobs that do not offer employer-sponsored coverage and individual coverage is prohibitively expensive for them, their uninsured rates are high. Although Medicaid and the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP)…