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Immigrant Health

Key Facts

Key Facts on Health Coverage of Immigrants

As of 2023, there were 47.1 million immigrants residing in the U.S., including 22.4 million noncitizen immigrants and 24.7 million naturalized citizens, who each accounted for about 7% of the total population.

Noncitizen immigrants are more likely to be uninsured than citizens because they have more limited access to private coverage due to working in jobs that are less likely to provide health benefits. They also face eligibility restrictions for federally funded coverage options, including Medicaid, CHIP, the ACA marketplace and Medicare.

5 Key Facts About Immigrants and Medicaid

Children of Immigrants: Key Facts on Health Coverage and Care

Key Facts on Health Care Use and Costs Among Immigrants

The Role of Adult Children of Immigrants in the U.S. Health Care Workforce

Immigration Enforcement and Health

Potential Impacts of Mass Detention and Deportation Efforts on the Health and Well-Being of Immigrant Families

KFF focus groups with immigrant families during the first Trump administration found that restrictive immigration policies led to increased fears among immigrant families across immigration statuses. That had negative effects on health and well-being and led to reluctance to seek health care and enroll in programs for which lawfully present immigrants were eligible. Mass deportations could also negatively affect health care and other industries by depriving them of workers.

Recent State Actions Impacting Immigrants’ Access to State-Funded Health Coverage

Policy Bars Many Immigrants from a Broad Range of Federal Health and Social Supports

Key Facts on Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA)

Health Implications of Immigration Policies Under a Second Trump Administration

Survey of Immigrants

Health and Health Care Experiences of Immigrants: The KFF/LA Times Survey of Immigrants

A KFF-Los Angeles Times partnership survey of immigrant adults, released in September 2023, shows most feel they found a better life for their families in this country, but many also face economic hardships and discrimination.

This report, drawing upon the main survey findings, shows how these challenges extend to health care. Many immigrants have difficulty accessing and using health care in the U.S. due to higher uninsured rates, affordability challenges, linguistic and cultural barriers, and immigration-related fears. The survey also shows the difficulties immigrants face in obtaining health coverage and underscores the role of coverage in access to care.

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  • New Survey Finds 72% of Previously Uninsured Californians Now Have Coverage, Including 78% of Those Eligible for New Affordable Care Act Options

    News Release

    For Remaining Uninsured Residents, Cost and Immigration Status Are Main Obstacles Three years after the Affordable Care Act’s coverage expansions were fully implemented in California, nearly three quarters (72%) of the state’s previously uninsured residents now have health coverage, finds the fourth Kaiser Family Foundation Longitudinal Panel Survey, which is tracking the experiences of a randomly…

  • Media Briefing to Release New Survey Tracking California’s Previously Uninsured Residents Under the Affordable Care Act

    Event Date:
    Event

    Media-only web briefing that released a new survey tracking the experiences of California's previously uninsured residents under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). New survey provides a detailed assessment of how well the ACA is working for previously uninsured residents in a state that embraced the ACA's coverage expansion opportunities by establishing the Covered California insurance marketplace and expanding its Medi-Cal program.

  • California’s Previously Uninsured After The ACA’s Second Open Enrollment Period

    Report

    The Kaiser Family Foundation California Longitudinal Panel Survey is a series of surveys that, over time, tracks the experiences and views of a representative, randomly selected sample of Californians who were uninsured prior to the major coverage expansions under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The initial baseline survey was conducted with a representative sample of 2,001 nonelderly uninsured Californian adults in summer 2013, prior to the ACA’s initial open enrollment period. The second survey in the series followed up with the same group of previously uninsured Californians who participated in the baseline (a longitudinal panel survey). The third in the series, and the focus of this report, followed up with them again after the second open enrollment period in spring 2015 to find out whether more have gained coverage, lost coverage, or remained uninsured, what barriers to coverage remain, how those who now have insurance view their coverage, and to assess the impacts that gaining health insurance may have had on financial security and access to care.

  • Drew Altman: Amid Tensions, Legal Immigrants Fear Signing Up for Obamacare

    News Release

    In his latest column for The Wall Street Journal’s Think Tank, Drew Altman discusses new Kaiser Family Foundation survey findings about how fear of enforcement of immigration laws may be affecting Latino enrollment in the Affordable Care Act. All previous columns by Drew Altman are available online.

  • Amid Tensions, Legal Immigrants Fear Signing Up for Obamacare

    From Drew Altman

    In his latest column for The Wall Street Journal’s Think Tank, Drew Altman discusses new Kaiser Family Foundation survey findings about how fear of enforcement of immigration laws may be affecting Latino enrollment in the Affordable Care Act.

  • Where are California’s Uninsured Now? Wave 2 of the Kaiser Family Foundation California Longitudinal Panel Survey

    Report

    This second wave of the Kaiser Family Foundation's California uninsured survey assesses the impact of the Affordable Care Act to date on state residents who were uninsured prior to open enrollment. The results capture the share of previously uninsured Californians who gained coverage or remained uninsured, how they feel about and interact with their new coverage options and what barriers to getting insurance remain. The report examines breakouts by race, coverage type, and other demographic factors.