Affordable Care Act

About the ACA

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Did the Affordable Care Act Make Health Care More Affordable?

The expiration of the ACA’s enhanced premium tax credits at the start of 2026, combined with rising insurer premiums, put a spotlight on health care affordability that extends beyond Marketplace enrollees. KFF’s Cynthia Cox examines the ACA’s record and the broader underlying question it raises: what’s a fair price for Americans people to pay for health care?

The ACA MarketplaceS

In Preliminary Rate Filings, ACA Marketplace Insurers Largely Propose Double-Digit Premium Increase For 2027, Following a Steep Climb This Year 

ACA Marketplace insurers are proposing a median premium increase of 14% for 2027— indicating a likely second consecutive year of double-digit increases, according to a new analysis of preliminary rate filings in 16 states and DC. If these increases hold, typical premiums for insurers participating in the ACA Marketplaces would jump by more than one-third between 2025 and 2027.

The Average Marketplace Deductible Grew by About $1,000 Per Person in 2026, With More Enrollees Shifting to Higher-Deductible Plans as Enhanced Tax Credits Expired

The average Affordable Care Act (ACA) Marketplace deductible experienced the steepest increase in history—growing by 37% or over $1,000, from $2,759 in 2025 to $3,786 in 2026 as enhanced premium tax credits expired, according to a new KFF analysis. After the enhanced tax credits ended, many Marketplace shoppers shifted toward lower-premium, higher-deductible plans.

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  • High-Risk Pools as Fallback for High-Cost Patients Require New Rules

    From Drew Altman

    In this Wall Street Journal Think Tank column, Drew Altman examines how Republicans would “split the risk pools” between the healthier and the sick in their Affordable Care Act replacement plans, using state high risk pools as a fallback for higher cost patients, and examines the steps that would be necessary to make them effective based on prior experience in the states.

  • Private Contracts Between Doctors and Their Medicare Patients:  Current Law, Proposed Changes and Implications for Beneficiaries

    News Release

    Under current law, physicians may choose to privately contract with their Medicare patients, though very few do.  Under such arrangements, doctors can charge their Medicare patients any amount they determine is appropriate for their services rather than be bound to Medicare’s set fees and balance billing limits, so long as the patients agree, and the contract complies with requirements in current law designed to protect consumers. Some Republicans in Congress have proposed to ease restrictions…

  • 10 Essential Facts About Medicare’s Financial Outlook

    Issue Brief

    Medicare, the nation’s federal health insurance program for 57 million people age 65 and over and younger people with disabilities, often plays a major role in federal health policy and budget discussions. Medicare is likely to be back on the federal policy agenda as Congress debates repealing and replacing the ACA, and also if policymakers turn their attention to reducing entitlement spending as part of efforts to reduce the growing federal budget deficit and debt.…

  • Do You Have the Facts About Medicare’s Financial Outlook for the Future?

    News Release

    Medicare is likely to be back on the federal policy agenda this year as Congress and President Trump pursue repealing and replacing the Affordable Care Act, and potentially consider options to reduce federal spending. When talking about Medicare, the nation’s federal health insurance program for 57 million people age 65 and over and younger people with disabilities, some policymakers often express concern that the program will soon be “bankrupt” and that rising spending is unsustainable.…

  • The Republican Health-care Plan the Country Isn’t Debating

    From Drew Altman

    In this Washington Post op-ed, Drew Altman discusses how Republicans' ideas to change Medicaid and Medicare and repeal the Affordable Care Act would fundamentally change the federal role in health, calling it: the biggest change in health we are NOT debating.

  • ACA Medicaid Expansion Drove Nationwide Increase in Health Coverage for People with HIV, First National Analysis Finds

    News Release

    As Congress moves to repeal the Affordable Care Act, a new analysis from the Kaiser Family Foundation provides the first national estimates of changes in health coverage for people with HIV since the law was implemented. It finds that rolling back the law’s Medicaid expansion could significantly impact coverage for people with HIV. Nationwide, Medicaid coverage for people with HIV in care rose six percentage points between 2012 to 2014, when ACA coverage expansions took…

  • Listening to Trump Voters with ACA Coverage: What They Want in a Health Care Plan

    Issue Brief

    President Donald Trump and Republicans in Congress are moving to follow through on their campaign promise to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act (ACA). To gain a better understanding of the personal experiences of Trump voters with health coverage provided through the ACA and the changes they hope to see in the health system moving forward, the Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF) held focus groups in December 2016 with Trump voters in cities in three…

  • In Focus: Listening to Enrollees with Affordable Care Act Coverage Who Voted for Trump

    News Release

    As Republicans in Washington pursue efforts to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act, what do enrollees in ACA marketplaces and state Medicaid expansions who voted for President Trump want in a health care plan? The Kaiser Family Foundation asked some of them in six focus groups convened in December in Michigan, Ohio, and Pennsylvania -- three with Trump voters enrolled in the ACA marketplaces and three with Trump voters in Medicaid. Focus group participants…

  • Polling Data Note: Beyond the ACA, the Affordability of Insurance Has Been Deteriorating Since 2015

    News Release

    The debate about the future of the Affordable Care Act and its individual insurance marketplaces may be taking the focus off the affordability challenges facing the broader population, most of whom get their health coverage through employers, Medicare or Medicaid. New survey findings from the Kaiser Family Foundation show that health care has become somewhat less affordable even among those with health insurance. Since 2015, larger shares of people with health insurance say they have…

  • Views of Governors and Insurance Commissioners on ACA Repeal and Changes to Medicaid: Responses to a Congressional Request for State Input on Health Reform

    Issue Brief

    This brief summarizes responses from governors and insurance commissioners in 35 states, including DC, to a request from members in the House of Representatives for state input on health care reforms. These responses provide insight into state leaders’ views on repeal and replacement of the ACA and the changes Congress is considering making to the financing and structure of Medicaid. It finds that respondents have mixed views on the ACA and potential repeal and replacement…