While not typically an election issue, Medicaid — particularly the Medicaid expansion created under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) — was an important issue in the 2018 midterm elections in a number of campaigns throughout the country. This fact sheet highlights key states in which the results of the 2018 midterm elections have implications for Medicaid adoption or implementation. States examined include those that had Medicaid expansion ballot initiatives as well as states that have not yet adopted or implemented expansion but elected governors who support Medicaid expansion. In these states that had gubernatorial races with implications for Medicaid expansion, it will be important to monitor changes in the composition of state legislatures, as governors in most states will need to work with their legislatures in order to adopt the expansion.