Medicaid

Medicaid work requirements

Medicaid and the Road Ahead: Spending Cuts, Work Requirements and What’s Next for States, Providers and Families

Event Date:

Passed last year, President Trump’s One Big Beautiful Bill Act made significant changes to Medicaid—the primary insurance provider for health and long-term care for people with low incomes. These changes are expected to lead to coverage loss for many current enrollees and will reduce funding for Medicaid, placing new financial pressures on states and health care providers. On July 23, KFF and States Newsroom hosted an event focused on the impacts of work requirements and other federal policy changes on states, health care systems, and people.

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understanding medicaid

Medicaid Financing

Medicaid represents $1 out of every $5 spent on health care in the U.S. and is the major source of financing for states to provide health coverage and long-term care. This brief examines key questions about Medicaid financing and how it works.

Medicaid Program Integrity

This brief explains what is known about improper payments and fraud and abuse in Medicaid and describes ongoing state and federal actions to address program integrity.

Medicaid and Provider Taxes

All states except Alaska cover some state Medicaid costs with taxes on health care providers. This brief uses data from KFF’s 2024-2025 survey of Medicaid directors to describe current practices and the federal rules governing them.

Medicaid and Hospitals

Absorbing reductions in Medicaid spending could be challenging for hospitals, particularly for those that are financially vulnerable. This brief provides data on the reach of Medicaid across hospitals, patients, and charity care.

Medicaid Home Care

This issue brief provides an overview of what Medicaid home care (also known as “home- and community-based services”) is, who is covered, and what services were available in 2025.

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  • Medicaid Spending Growth over the Last Decade and the Great Recession, 2000-2009

    Report

    This report examines Medicaid spending growth nationally during the last decade, with a focus on growth during the recession of 2007 to 2009. The recession-driven enrollment growth in recent years drove program spending to increase faster than national health spending overall, but on a per enrollee basis the growth in Medicaid spending has remained lower than the rise in private insurance premiums and overall national health expenditures. The recession-driven increase in Medicaid enrollment has been…

  • State Budgets Under Federal Health Reform: The Extent and Causes of Variations in Estimated Impacts

    Issue Brief

    This analysis examines the potential costs and savings that the health reform law may generate for state budgets, a topic of great interest at a time when states continue to struggle with tight budgets in the wake of the recession. The analysis seeks to explain why recent state estimates of the likely impact of health reform on their budgets vary widely, and discusses the major expected sources of costs and savings as the new law…

  • Medicaid Spending Growth and the Great Recession, 2007-2009

    Fact Sheet

    This fact sheet examines how the recent recession drove up Medicaid enrollment as millions of Americans lost jobs and income, and how that increase in enrollment has been the primary cause of the increase in overall Medicaid spending. Fact Sheet (.pdf)

  • Resources Examine Recession-Driven Record Medicaid Enrollment and Assess Medicaid Spending Growth

    Fact Sheet

    Three papers from the Foundation's Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured examine Medicaid enrollment and spending during the recent recession. The analyses show Medicaid enrollment rose above 50 million people nationally for the first time in 2010, reflecting the program’s counter-cyclical role of helping people who become uninsured when the economy falters, with many turning to Medicaid after losing jobs and employer-based health insurance. Without access to Medicaid coverage, millions more people who suffered economic…

  • Money Follows the Person: A 2010 Snapshot

    Issue Brief

    Enacted into law in 2006 as part of the Deficit Reduction Act (DRA), the Money Follows the Person demonstration provides states with enhanced federal matching funds for twelve months for each Medicaid beneficiary transitioned from an institutional setting to a community-based setting. In July 2010, the Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured (KCMU) surveyed states about the current status of their MFP program including trends in enrollment, services and per capita spending.

  • Money Follows the Person Transitions Individuals from Nursing Homes to the Community

    Issue Brief

    This brief presents short profiles of four Ohio residents who have benefited from the state's Money Follows the Person demonstration program, known as HOME Choice. It was released along with several other resources on Medicaid long-term services and supports at a Feb. 7, 2011 briefing at the Foundation's Washington, D.C., offices. Profiles (.pdf)

  • New Resources & Briefing Examine Medicaid Long-Term Services and Supports

    Event Date:
    Event

    The following resources by the Kaiser Family Foundation’s Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured (KCMU) examine the latest data findings regarding Medicaid’s long-term services and supports for seniors and people with disabilities. The materials were released at a public briefing in the Foundation’s Washington, D.C. offices that featured an expert panel and remarks on long-term services and supports by U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius. The reports include: Medicaid Home and Community-Based…

  • A Challenge for States: Assuring Timely Access to Optimal Long-Term Services and Supports in the Community

    Issue Brief

    The Medicaid program is a major payer for long-term services and supports (LTSS) in the United States, accounting for 40 percent of total spending for long-term services and supports. The federal government has played an active role in sponsoring initiatives to promote a shift to community-based care; and evidence from several states suggests that providing care in the community can be less expensive than providing institutional care. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) provides incentives for…

  • Case Study: Ohio’s Money Follows the Person Demonstration (HOME Choice)

    Issue Brief

    This case study of Ohio's Money Follows the Person demonstration, known as HOME Choice, describes key features of the program and highlights early program experiences. Ohio was one of 17 states to receive federal funding for the Money Follows the Person (MFP) rebalancing demonstration in January 2007. The state was awarded up to $100 million in enhanced federal matching funds in order to transition roughly 2,200 seniors and people with disabilities from institutions to home…

  • Helping Consumers Manage Long-Term Services and Supports in the Community: State Medicaid Program Activities

    Issue Brief

    The Medicaid program is a source for many innovative practices in making long-term services and supports (LTSS) available to consumers. Jointly financed by the states and the federal government, Medicaid pays for 40 percent of LTSS spending the United States. Case management services have been integral to Medicaid community-based LTSS programs since their inception, but as the programs have grown and evolved, particularly as options for care have increased and consumers have taken a more…