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Medicare Part D

How Medicare Advantage Rebates Disadvantage Medicare’s Stand-Alone Drug Plan Market

Rebates that reduce Part D premiums for Medicare Advantage plans with drug coverage make it harder for stand-alone prescription drug plans (PDPs) to compete. That may contribute to instability in the PDP market relied on by people in traditional Medicare. The number of Part D stand-alone Rx drug plan options for the avg Medicare beneficiary has fallen by half in recent years, while Medicare Advantage drug plan options have risen.

Also: Medicare Part D Enrollment, Premiums, and Cost Sharing in 2026

Analyzing Changes in Medicare Part D Enrollment for 2026

Stand-Alone Drug Plans Cover a Larger Share of Part D Enrollees Living in the Most Rural Areas Than Medicare Advantage Plans

A Current Snapshot of the Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Benefit

Changes to Medicare Part D in 2024 and 2025 Under the Inflation Reduction Act and How Enrollees Will Benefit

NEW AND NOTEWORTHY

What to Know About Medicare Coverage of Telehealth

Congress has repeatedly extended pandemic-era flexibilities around Medicare coverage of telehealth, but most such flexibilities remain temporary. This brief answers key questions about the current scope of Medicare telehealth coverage, including both temporary and permanent changes adopted through legislation and regulation, and future policy considerations.

Examining the Potential Impact of Medicare’s New WISeR Model

A federal initiative to establish new prior authorization requirements in traditional Medicare, called the Wasteful and Inappropriate Service Reduction (WISeR) model, is likely to have only modest impact in its first year.

State Profiles for Dual-Eligible Individuals

This data collection draws on Medicare and Medicaid administrative data to present national and state-level information on people who are covered by both Medicare and Medicaid, referred to as dual-eligible individuals (also known as dually-enrolled beneficiaries).

Medicare Advantage

Medicare Advantage in 2026: Enrollment Update and Key Trends

More than half (55%) of eligible Medicare beneficiaries are enrolled in Medicare Advantage in 2026, continuing a decades-long shift toward private plans. Special Needs Plans have driven recent growth, with nearly 1 in 4 enrollees now in such plans.
To better understand trends in the growth of the Medicare Advantage program, this brief provides current information about enrollment, including by plan type and firm.

See Also: Medicare Advantage in 2026: Premiums, Out-of-Pocket Limits, Supplemental Benefits, and Prior Authorization

How Medicare Pays Medicare Advantage Plans: Issues and Policy Options

Medicare Advantage Enrollees Have Access to About Half of the Physicians Available to Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries

Medicare Advantage Insurers Made Nearly 53 Million Prior Authorization Determinations in 2024

Medicare Advantage Out-of-Pocket Limits: Variation & Trends

Prescription Drugs

What to Know About the BALANCE Model for GLP-1s in Medicare and Medicaid and the Medicare GLP-1 Bridge

CMS's temporary program to cover GLP-1 drugs for obesity in Medicare, called the BALANCE model, will not launch as scheduled on January 1, 2027. Instead, CMS is extending the Medicare GLP-1 Bridge, a separate short-term program that was to run from July to December 2026. It will now run through the end of 2027.

Key Facts About Medicare Drug Price Negotiation

Recent Trends in GLP-1 Use and Spending in Medicare

What to Know About Pharmacy Benefit Managers (PBMs) and Federal Efforts at Regulation

The IRA Has Improved Coverage of Drugs Selected for Medicare Price Negotiation

Data Visualization

The Facts About Medicare Spending

This interactive provides the facts on Medicare spending. Medicare, which serves 67 million people and accounts for 12 percent of the federal budget and 21 percent of national health spending, is often the focus of discussions about health expenditures, health care affordability and the sustainability of federal health programs. u003cbru003eu003cbru003eExplore data on enrollment growth, Medicare spending trends overall and per person, growth in Medicare spending relative to private insurance, spending on benefits and Medicare Advantage, Part A trust fund solvency challenges, and growth in out-of-pocket spending by beneficiaries.u003cbru003eu003cbru003eu003ca href=u0022https://www.kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/faqs-on-medicare-financing-and-trust-fund-solvency/u0022 data-type=u0022linku0022 data-id=u0022https://www.kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/faqs-on-medicare-financing-and-trust-fund-solvency/u0022u003eRelated:u003ca href=u0022https://www.kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/faqs-on-medicare-financing-and-trust-fund-solvency/u0022u003e FAQs on Medicare Financing and Trust Fund Solvencyu003c/au003eu003c/au003e

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  • I heard there have been changes to Medicare in recent years to help beneficiaries lower their out-of-pocket prescription drug costs or spread them throughout the year. How can these changes help me?

    FAQs

    Yes, changes have been made in recent years to improve the Part D benefit. In 2026, your annual Part D out-of-pocket costs will be capped at $2,100. Also, cost sharing for insulin is now capped at $35 per month per prescription, and you no longer have to pay any cost sharing for adult vaccines covered by your Part D plan, such as the vaccine for shingles. All Medicare Part D plans are also now required…

  • Medigap Enrollment and Consumer Protections Vary Across States

    Issue Brief

    A quarter of people in traditional Medicare had private, supplemental health insurance in 2015—also known as Medigap—to help cover their Medicare deductibles and cost-sharing requirements, as well as protect themselves against catastrophic expenses for Medicare-covered services. This issue brief examines implications for older adults with pre-existing medical conditions who may be unable to purchase a Medigap policy or change their supplemental coverage after their initial open enrollment period.

  • Recent Trends in GLP-1 Use and Spending in Medicare

    Issue Brief

    Ahead of the Trump administration’s planned expansion of Medicare coverage for GLP-1s to treat obesity through temporary models and the availability of Medicare’s negotiated price for certain GLP-1 products beginning in 2027, this analysis examines CMS’s Medicare Part D claims data from 2019 to 2024 to document the increase in the number of beneficiaries being treated with GLP-1 drugs and the growth in Medicare spending and claims for these drugs.

  • Estimates of Medicare Beneficiaries’ Out-of-Pocket Drug Spending in 2006

    Report

    This report projects the impact of the new Medicare drug benefit on out-of-pocket spending for people who enroll in 2006. This analysis from November 2004 estimates that 6.9 million beneficiaries are projected to be affected by the coverage gap (the so-called "doughnut hole") in the standard Part D drug benefit. This estimate is based on projected enrollment in Part D plans of 29 million (Congressional Budget Office, July 2004), prior to implementation of the drug…

  • What Do People with Medicare Think About the Role of Marketing, Shopping for Medicare Options, and Their Coverage?

    Report

    To capture Medicare beneficiaries’ views and experiences in choosing between traditional Medicare and private plans, and among private plans, and the factors that influence these decisions, KFF worked with PerryUndem to conduct focus groups with Medicare beneficiaries in the Fall of 2022, during the annual Medicare open enrollment period. This report summarizes first-hand accounts of participants’ reactions open enrollment advertising and factors that influence their decision-making around Medicare plan choice.

  • Are covered benefits and cost-sharing requirements under Medicare Advantage plans the same? How can I compare?

    FAQs

    All Medicare Advantage plans cover the same services that are covered by traditional Medicare. However, not all Medicare Advantage plans have the same cost-sharing requirements. The deductibles, premiums, and cost sharing for services vary by plan. And plans may cover benefits not covered by traditional Medicare. For example, most Medicare Advantage plans offer coverage of dental, hearing, and vision services, although the scope of coverage varies. To compare the costs and benefits of different Medicare…

  • I am about to turn 65 and sign up for Medicare but I’m not sure what my options are for coverage. Where can I go for more information?

    FAQs

    To learn more about your coverage options under Medicare, including the Medicare Advantage plans, Part D prescription drug plans, and Medicare supplement policies (Medigap) available in your area, and how to enroll, you can go to the Medicare coverage comparison website, a searchable tool on the Medicare.gov website, or call 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227). You can also contact the State Health Insurance Assistance Program (SHIP) in your state or the Social Security Administration. SHIPs offer local, personalized…

  • Is there a lifetime limit on the number of times a person can switch Medicare Advantage and Medicare Part D plans, or can I shop around and switch every year if I want to?

    FAQs

    You may switch Medicare Advantage and Part D plans every year during the annual Medicare Open Enrollment period (October 15 through December 7), and, if you are enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan, you can also switch during the Medicare Advantage Open Enrollment period (January 1 through March 31). It is generally a good idea to compare your plan options every year, even if you are happy with your current coverage, since plans often make…