Medicaid

Work Requirements

Challenges with Implementing Work Requirements

Many states are anticipating a variety of implementation challenges, including the need for complex system changes, a compressed implementation timeline, and limited staff capacity.

What is the Medicaid Hardship Exception?

The number of Medicaid expansion enrollees who ultimately qualify for the high unemployment hardship exception will depend on how the exception is implemented and how unemployment rates changes.

Tracking Implementation of the 2025 Reconciliation Law: Medicaid Work Requirements

KFF’s interactive tracks key data and policies that will affect how states implement Medicaid work requirements, which are required under the 2025 budget reconciliation law starting in January 2027. The tracker includes state-level data on Medicaid enrollment and renewal outcomes as well as current state enrollment and renewal policies.

2025-2026 Medicaid Budget Survey

2025 Medicaid Home Care survey

Payment Rates Ahead of 2025 Reconciliation Law

This issue brief describes Medicaid payment rates for home care and other workforce supports that are in place in 2025, before the majority of the 2025 reconciliation law provisions start taking effect.

Home Care Support for Family Caregivers in 2025
number of responding states, including DC, that allow payments for family caregivers by type of home care program and type of caregiver.

This issue brief describes the availability of self-directed services and supports for family caregivers in Medicaid home care in 2025, before most provisions in the reconciliation law take effect.

States’ Management of Home Care Spending

This issue brief describes the mechanisms states are currently using to limit Medicaid spending on home care and their plans for adopting new mechanisms in state fiscal year (FY) 2026.

Waiting Lists for Medicaid Home Care, 2016 to 2025
A Look at Waiting Lists for Medicaid Home- and Community-Based Services from 2016 to 2025

This data note provides new information about waiting lists in Medicaid home care before many of the provisions in the 2025 reconciliation law go into effect.

Eligibility and coverage
  • Eligibility, Enrollment, and Renewal Policies

    KFF's survey findings capture state actions that seek to improve the accuracy and efficiency of Medicaid and CHIP enrollment and renewal processes, as of January 2025.
  • Seniors and People with Disabilities

    More than 1 in 3 people with disabilities (15 million) have Medicaid (35%). In comparison, only 19% of people without disabilities have Medicaid.
  • Children with Special Needs

    Amid debates about proposed cuts to federal Medicaid spending, this brief analyzes key characteristics of children with special health care needs and explores how Medicaid provides them with coverage.
  • People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

    Among the estimated 8 million people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD), over three million have Medicaid coverage.
  • Adults with Chronic Conditions

    Among working age adults enrolled in Medicaid, approximately three quarters have one or more chronic conditions, and nearly one-third have three or more.

The Essentials
  • 5 Facts: Immigrants and Medicaid

    This brief provides five key facts on Medicaid and immigrants as context for understanding the potential impacts of policy changes under the Trump administration.
  • 5 Facts: Medicaid and Hospitals

    This brief explains the role of Medicaid for hospitals, including how much spending on hospital care comes from Medicaid, the share of births covered by the program, and how Medicaid expansion has impacted hospital finances.
  • Medicaid Financing: The Basics

    Medicaid is a major source of financing for states to provide health coverage and long-term services and supports for low-income residents. This brief examines key questions about Medicaid financing and how it works.
  • 5 Facts: Medicaid’s Share of National Health Spending

    This brief explores how Medicaid spending contributes to national health spending and how different service areas contribute to Medicaid costs.
  • 5 Facts: Medicaid and Nursing Facilities

    The substantial Medicaid savings in the reconciliation bill could have major implications for nearly 15,000 federally certified nursing facilities and the 1.2 million people living in them.

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  • Data Analytics in Medicaid: Spotlight on Colorado’s Accountable Care Collaborative

    Issue Brief

    An integral component of Colorado Medicaid’s coordinated care initiative, the Accountable Care Collaborative, is the Statewide Data Analytics Contractor (SDAC), which is responsible for providing actionable data through a web portal to primary care providers and regional care collaborative organizations. The metrics and tools the SDAC provides undergird the effort to drive improvement in care management and individual and community health, and support the accountable care model.

  • Medicaid Expansion Through Marketplace Premium Assistance

    Fact Sheet

    This fact sheet compares the two Medicaid premium assistance authorities (state plan option and demonstration waiver) and identifies key beneficiary protections in Medicaid expansion premium assistance programs.

  • Key Issues in State Implementation of the New and Expanded Home and Community-Based Services Options Available Under the Affordable Care Act

    Issue Brief

    This brief summarizes the key issues identified and discussed by participants in Kaiser Family Foundation’s Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured's July 16, 2013 roundtable meeting on state adoption of the new and expanded Affordable Care Act home and community-based services (HCBS) options. While states have made overall progress in rebalancing their long-term care systems in favor of community-based care, state adoption of ACA HCBS options has been relatively slow to date, despite the growing demand for HCBS among beneficiaries and the enhanced federal funding associated with several of these options.

  • Obamacare and You

    Fact Sheet

    Obamacare and You is a series of one-page papers explaining how the Affordable Care Act, also known as “Obamacare,” will affect different groups of people.

  • Annual Change in Medicaid Enrollment in 50 States and DC, June 2000 to June 2011

    Medicaid Enrollment: June 2013 Data Snapshot

    Issue Brief

    This Data Snapshot provides 50-state data on Medicaid monthly enrollment trends, adding June 2013 data. Overall, Medicaid enrollment growth continued to slow to the lowest rate since the start of the Great Recession as the economic conditions continued to slowly improve. While enrollment growth rates have been trending downward as economic conditions continue to slowly improve, enrollment growth is expected to increase significantly as states implement the ACA. Regardless of whether states decide to implement the Medicaid expansion or not, enrollment is anticipated to grow on average across all states due to new streamlined eligibility and enrollment processes as well as outreach for new coverage. This report provides baseline data for understanding the impact of the ACA eligibility and enrollment policies on enrollment growth across states.

  • CHIP Enrollment: June 2013 Data Snapshot

    Issue Brief

    This issue brief provides state level CHIP enrollment data, adding the June 2013 period. In June 2013, over 5.7 million children were enrolled in the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP.) Enrollment in June 2013 increased by 190,453 or by 3.4 percent, compared to one year earlier. Since 2009, annual rates of growth have remained fairly steady, ranging between 3.2 percent and 3.8 percent. In contrast, during the height of the Great Recession, enrollment increased annually by 7.8 to 10 percent. Overall, CHIP enrollment continued to increase, but growth slow to the lowest rates since the start of the Recession as the economic conditions continued to improve. CHIP programs, along with state Medicaid programs continue to play a critical role in assuring health coverage for uninsured children.

  • Snapshots from the Kitchen Table: Family Budgets and Health Care

    Video

    This Kaiser Family Foundation documentary, “Snapshots from the Kitchen Table: Family Budgets and Health Care,” profiles several American families who are struggling to make ends meet. It depicts the narrow financial ledge on which millions of low- and middle- income working households stand even in normal economic times, and illustrates the central role that health care costs and coverage play in a household’s economic stability. Some of the families profiled have health insurance, others do not.