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Uninsured

Data and analysis

The coverage gap exists because some states did not expand Medicaid under the ACA to cover adults under age 65 without dependent children with incomes at/below 138% of the federal poverty level (FPL)

How Many Uninsured Are in the Coverage Gap?

An estimated 1.4 million uninsured individuals in the 10 states without Medicaid expansion, including many working adults, people of color, and those with disabilities, remain in the "coverage gap," ineligible for Medicaid or for ACA tax credits that would make coverage affordable.

The Uninsured and Health Coverage

This Health Policy 101 chapter examines the share of the United States population who are uninsured, highlighting their demographics and the challenges they face because of the lack of coverage.

Key Facts on Health Coverage of Immigrants

This fact sheet provides an overview of health coverage for immigrants based on data from the 2023 KFF/LA Times Survey of Immigrants. As of 2023, half of likely undocumented immigrant adults and one in five lawfully present immigrant adults reported being uninsured.

New and noteworthy

Affordability Is the Issue Now, But Look for the Uninsured to Make a Comeback

A new column on the uninsured from President and CEO Dr. Drew Altman explains: “The uninsured is not the most politically salient problem in health care now, that’s affordability, nor is it the non-problem some say it is. But it’s coming back. And the problem of the chronically ill uninsured is glaring.” Read more.

Key Facts about the Uninsured Population

The number and share of people without insurance grew in 2024, increasing for the first time since 2019, according to KFF’s analysis of data from the American Community Survey (ACS). This issue brief describes trends in health coverage in 2024, examines the characteristics of the uninsured population , and summarizes the access and financial implications of not having coverage.

More on the uninsured population >>

Who was uninsured in 2024?

Latest Polling
9.8%

The share of people under age 65 without insurance
62%

The share of uninsured adults who said they were uninsured because coverage is not affordable
59%

The share of uninsured adults who said they or someone living with them had problems paying for health care
39%

The share of uninsured adults who reported delaying or not getting needed care or medication due to cost
Other key facts about the uninsured >>

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  • Assessing the Role of Recent Waivers in Providing New Coverage

    Issue Brief

    This analysis finds that recent waivers have expanded coverage in important ways in a few states, but, overall, the number of people who have gained new coverage under recent waivers has been quite limited, well below projections and small compared to overall growth in Medicaid enrollment. Issue Paper (.pdf)

  • The Role of Health Coverage for People with Disabilities

    Event Date:
    Event

    People with disabilities are at risk in the health-care system because of their wide-ranging health-care needs, their relatively heavy use of prescription drugs, health-care and support services, and typically low incomes. A new survey of people with permanent mental and/or physical disabilities explores their health-care experiences and challenges in accessing and paying for care. Report Chartpack Health Affairs Article-- "Uncovering the Health Challenges Facing People with Disabilities: The Role of Health Insurance"

  • Challenges and Tradeoffs in Low-Income Family Budgets:  Implications for Health Coverage

    Report

    Challenges and Tradeoffs in Low-Income Family Budgets: Implications for Health Coverage - Report This report explores the experiences of families trying to make ends meet on limited budgets. By discussing these families’ work, spending patterns, financial challenges, priorities and tradeoffs and health care and coverage, this report intends to provide a deeper understanding of families’ financial pressures and choices and information to assess the impact of current and proposed policies. Report (.pdf)

  • New Reports Examine Near-Elderly Health Coverage Trends and Six Near-Elderly Uninsured Individuals’ Experiences with the American Health Care System

    Report

    Two new reports focus on health coverage in the near elderly (age 55-64) population. One report examines trends in the population's income, health status, and insurance coverage and the other report profiles six near-elderly uninsured individuals' life challenges in the years preceding Medicare eligibility. Health Insurance Coverage of the Near Elderly At the Edge: Near Elderly Americans Talk About Health Insurance

  • Stresses to the Safety Net:  The Public Hospital Perspective

    Report

    The nation’s safety net financing is fragmented; consequently, providers must knit together resources from many different funding sources to create a stream of revenue to cover the costs of providing a very broad range of services. This report describes those sources of revenue, documenting that nearly 40% of all safety net revenues are from Medicaid. The report also describes challenges that safety net hospitals and health systems are experiencing as they attempt to rebound from…

  • Medical Debt and Access to Health Care

    Report

    This study examines the privately insured who have had problems paying medical bills and compares their access to care to those who have not had medical bill problems as well as those with no health coverage at all, using a national representative survey of adults. The study finds that care-seeking patterns among those with private coverage but having problems paying their medical bills resembled those of the uninsured. Executive Summary (.pdf) Report (.pdf)

  • USA Today/Kaiser Family Foundation/Harvard School of Public Health National Survey of Households Affected by Cancer

    Poll Finding

      USA Today/Kaiser Family Foundation/Harvard School of Public Health National Survey of Households Affected by Cancer This USA Today/Kaiser Family Foundation/Harvard School of Public Health National Survey provides an in-depth examination of how families cope with cancer and highlights problems of health insurance and health care costs through the lens of those who have experienced this major illness. The survey shows the disease’s devastating impact often extends beyond an individual patient to affect entire families…

  • Health Coverage For Low-Income Children.

    Fact Sheet

    Health Coverage For Low-Income Children This fact sheet profiles the low-income children population, describes sources of health insurance coverage for the population, and summarizes trends and issues about their health coverage. Fact Sheet (.pdf)

  • Study Shows Uninsured Receive Less Care and Experience Worse Outcomes

    Event Date:
    Event

    A new study commissioned by the Kaiser Family Foundation and authored by Dr. Jack Hadley of The Urban Institute and featured in the March 14, 2007, Journal of the American Medical Association theme issue on Access to Care documents that people who are uninsured receive less care and have worse outcomes following an accident or the onset of a new chronic condition than those with insurance. The study -- based on analysis of eight years…

  • A Race to the Top: Illinois’s All Kids Initiative

    Report

    A Race to the Top: Illinois’s All Kids Initiative In the summer of 2006, Illinois launched All Kids, the nation’s first universal coverage program for children. Several states have observed Illinois’ experience and are proceeding with their own coverage initiatives. This case study of Illinois' All Kids initiative describes the key features of the program, examines state decisions on program design and highlights some early program experiences. Report (.pdf)