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Prescription Drugs

The IRA Has Improved Coverage of Drugs Selected for Medicare Price Negotiation

The Inflation Reduction Act, which requires the federal government to negotiate the price of some drugs in Medicare, also requires all Part D plans to cover each of the drugs selected for price negotiation when negotiated prices take effect.

Recent Trends in GLP-1 Use and Spending in Medicare

A Current Snapshot of the Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Benefit

What to Know About Pharmacy Benefit Managers (PBMs) and Federal Efforts at Regulation

President Trump Proposes Codifying MFN Drug Pricing Deals But Key Details Are Missing

New & Noteworthy
Examining the Potential Impact of Medicare’s New WISeR Model

A federal initiative to establish new prior authorization requirements in traditional Medicare, called the Wasteful and Inappropriate Service Reduction (WISeR) model, is likely to have only modest impact in its first year.

State Profiles for Dual-Eligible Individuals

This data collection draws on Medicare and Medicaid administrative data to present national and state-level information on people who are covered by both Medicare and Medicaid, referred to as dual-eligible individuals (also known as dually-enrolled beneficiaries).

Medicare Advantage

Medicare Advantage Insurers Made Nearly 53 Million Prior Authorization Determinations in 2024

Medicare Advantage insurers made nearly 53 million prior authorization determinations in 2024, up from 49.8 million in 2023. They fully or partially denied 4.1 million, or 7.7%, of the prior authorization requests they received. Just 11.5% of all denials were appealed, but in the vast majority of those cases (80.7%) the initial denial was overturned.

Prior authorization determinations represent requests for approval that providers must submit before providing a service. Lawmakers of both major political parties have pressed insurers on their prior authorization practices, which consumers say unfairly erect barriers to needed care.

How Medicare Pays Medicare Advantage Plans: Issues and Policy Options

Medicare Advantage Enrollees Have Access to About Half of the Physicians Available to Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries

1 in 6 Medicare Advantage Enrollees Had a Diagnosis Added on a Chart Review That Increased Federal Payments to their Insurer

Medicare Advantage 2026 Spotlight: A First Look at Plan Offerings

Medicare Part D

Premiums Are Decreasing for Many Stand-Alone Part D Drug Plans in a Number of States in 2026

This analysis finds that monthly premiums for many Part D stand-alone prescription drug plans (PDPs) in a number of states will be lower in 2026 than they were this year. At the same time, the total number of PDPs, which provide prescription drug coverage to people in traditional Medicare, will fall for the third year in a row, as insurers continue to scale back their offerings and adjust to higher costs under the redesigned Part D benefit, reflecting changes in the Inflation Reduction Act.

The Uncertain Future of Medicare's Stand-Alone PDP Market and Why It Matters

Stand-Alone Drug Plans Cover a Larger Share of Part D Enrollees Living in the Most Rural Areas Than Medicare Advantage Plans

A Current Snapshot of the Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Benefit

Changes to Medicare Part D in 2024 and 2025 Under the Inflation Reduction Act and How Enrollees Will Benefit

Data Visualization

The Facts About Medicare Spending

This interactive provides the facts on Medicare spending. Medicare, which serves 67 million people and accounts for 12 percent of the federal budget and 21 percent of national health spending, is often the focus of discussions about health expenditures, health care affordability and the sustainability of federal health programs.

Explore data on enrollment growth, Medicare spending trends overall and per person, growth in Medicare spending relative to private insurance, spending on benefits and Medicare Advantage, Part A trust fund solvency challenges, and growth in out-of-pocket spending by beneficiaries.

Related: FAQs on Medicare Financing and Trust Fund Solvency

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Medicare Open Enrollment

Beneficiaries Have 32 Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug Plans Available, on Average, for 2026

The average Medicare beneficiary will be able to choose among 32 Medicare Advantage plans with prescription drug coverage for 2026, two fewer than in 2025. The number of MA-PD options has grown steadily since 2010, peaking in 2024 when the average Medicare beneficiary had 36 options. Open enrollment runs October 15 through December 7.

Also: Medicare Open Enrollment FAQs

Premiums Are Decreasing for Many Stand-Alone Drug Plans in a Number of States in 2026

A Current Snapshot of the Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Benefit

The Role of SHIPs in Helping People with Medicare Navigate Their Coverage

What to Know About the Medicare Open Enrollment Period and Medicare Coverage Options

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  • One Year into Duals Demo Enrollment: Early Expectations Meet Reality

    Perspective

    One year into initial enrollment in the Medicare-Medicaid financial alignment demonstrations for dual eligible beneficiaries, some initial insights are beginning to emerge. This policy insight highlights key challenges and trends emerging in states’ demonstrations.

  • The Medicare Part D Coverage Gap: Costs and Consequences in 2007

    Report

    This study quantifies the number of Medicare Part D plan enrollees in 2007 who reached a gap in their prescription drug coverage known as the “doughnut hole,” as well as the changes in beneficiaries’ use of medications and out-of-pocket spending after they reached that gap.

  • Summary of Medicare Provisions in the President’s Budget for Fiscal Year 2015

    Issue Brief

    On March 4, 2014, the Office of Management and Budget released President Obama’s budget for fiscal year (FY) 2015, which includes provisions related to federal spending and revenues, including Medicare savings. The President’s budget would use federal savings and revenues to reduce the federal debt and replace sequestration of Medicare and other federal programs for 2015 through 2024. This brief summarizes the Medicare provisions included in the President’s budget proposal for FY 2015.

  • Adding an Out-of-Pocket Spending Maximum to Medicare: Implementation Issues and Challenges

    Issue Brief

    In an effort to simplify Medicare’s cost-sharing requirements, provide beneficiaries with catastrophic protection, and achieve program savings, some have proposed to restructure Medicare’s benefit design. Several recent proposals would create a unified deductible for Medicare Parts A and B, simplify cost-sharing requirements above the deductible, and add an annual limit on beneficiary out-of-pocket spending—a benefit feature typical of larger employer plans, but lacking in traditional Medicare. This issue brief describes the options for adding an out-of-pocket spending limit to Medicare and examines the operational issues that could arise in implementing both a uniform and an income-based out-of-pocket spending limit. Because the implementation of an income-related out-of-pocket maximum would pose somewhat greater complexity for Medicare, the operational issues associated with this approach are discussed in greater detail.

  • Medicare Enrollment, 1970-2035

    Feature

    Medicare Enrollment, 1970-2035 Download Source 2013 Annual Report of the Boards of Trustees of the Federal Hospital Insurance and Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Funds.

  • Majority Want No Spending Cuts to Education, Medicare or Social Security

    Feature

    Majority Want No Spending Cuts to Education, Medicare or Social Security Download Source Kaiser Family Foundation/Robert Wood Johnson Foundation/Harvard School of Public Health, The Public’s Health Care Agenda for the 113th Congress (conducted January 3-9, 2013)…

  • Medicare Beneficiaries as a Percent of State Populations, 2012

    Feature

    Medicare Beneficiaries as a Percent of State Populations, 2012 Download Source Calculation based on Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of the CMS State/County Market Penetration file, March 2012; and 2011 population estimates from the United States Census Bureau.

  • How the ACA Changes Pathways to Insurance Coverage for People with HIV

    Perspective

    There are multiple sources of insurance coverage and care for people with HIV in the United States.  These include public programs, such as Medicaid and Medicare, and the Ryan White HIV/AIDS program, as well as private coverage through an employer or in the individual market.

  • Overall Public Support for the Health Reform Law Is Steady from June

    Perspective

    The July Kaiser Health Tracking Poll indicates overall public support for the health reform law is steady from June, while unfavorable views of the law have trended downward somewhat. Half the public (50%) now expresses a favorable view of the law, while 35 percent say they have an unfavorable opinion (down from 41% in June).