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Prescription Drugs

The IRA Has Improved Coverage of Drugs Selected for Medicare Price Negotiation

The Inflation Reduction Act, which requires the federal government to negotiate the price of some drugs in Medicare, also requires all Part D plans to cover each of the drugs selected for price negotiation when negotiated prices take effect.

Recent Trends in GLP-1 Use and Spending in Medicare

A Current Snapshot of the Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Benefit

What to Know About Pharmacy Benefit Managers (PBMs) and Federal Efforts at Regulation

President Trump Proposes Codifying MFN Drug Pricing Deals But Key Details Are Missing

New & Noteworthy
Examining the Potential Impact of Medicare’s New WISeR Model

A federal initiative to establish new prior authorization requirements in traditional Medicare, called the Wasteful and Inappropriate Service Reduction (WISeR) model, is likely to have only modest impact in its first year.

State Profiles for Dual-Eligible Individuals

This data collection draws on Medicare and Medicaid administrative data to present national and state-level information on people who are covered by both Medicare and Medicaid, referred to as dual-eligible individuals (also known as dually-enrolled beneficiaries).

Medicare Advantage

Medicare Advantage Insurers Made Nearly 53 Million Prior Authorization Determinations in 2024

Medicare Advantage insurers made nearly 53 million prior authorization determinations in 2024, up from 49.8 million in 2023. They fully or partially denied 4.1 million, or 7.7%, of the prior authorization requests they received. Just 11.5% of all denials were appealed, but in the vast majority of those cases (80.7%) the initial denial was overturned.

Prior authorization determinations represent requests for approval that providers must submit before providing a service. Lawmakers of both major political parties have pressed insurers on their prior authorization practices, which consumers say unfairly erect barriers to needed care.

How Medicare Pays Medicare Advantage Plans: Issues and Policy Options

Medicare Advantage Enrollees Have Access to About Half of the Physicians Available to Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries

1 in 6 Medicare Advantage Enrollees Had a Diagnosis Added on a Chart Review That Increased Federal Payments to their Insurer

Medicare Advantage 2026 Spotlight: A First Look at Plan Offerings

Medicare Part D

Premiums Are Decreasing for Many Stand-Alone Part D Drug Plans in a Number of States in 2026

This analysis finds that monthly premiums for many Part D stand-alone prescription drug plans (PDPs) in a number of states will be lower in 2026 than they were this year. At the same time, the total number of PDPs, which provide prescription drug coverage to people in traditional Medicare, will fall for the third year in a row, as insurers continue to scale back their offerings and adjust to higher costs under the redesigned Part D benefit, reflecting changes in the Inflation Reduction Act.

The Uncertain Future of Medicare's Stand-Alone PDP Market and Why It Matters

Stand-Alone Drug Plans Cover a Larger Share of Part D Enrollees Living in the Most Rural Areas Than Medicare Advantage Plans

A Current Snapshot of the Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Benefit

Changes to Medicare Part D in 2024 and 2025 Under the Inflation Reduction Act and How Enrollees Will Benefit

Data Visualization

The Facts About Medicare Spending

This interactive provides the facts on Medicare spending. Medicare, which serves 67 million people and accounts for 12 percent of the federal budget and 21 percent of national health spending, is often the focus of discussions about health expenditures, health care affordability and the sustainability of federal health programs.

Explore data on enrollment growth, Medicare spending trends overall and per person, growth in Medicare spending relative to private insurance, spending on benefits and Medicare Advantage, Part A trust fund solvency challenges, and growth in out-of-pocket spending by beneficiaries.

Related: FAQs on Medicare Financing and Trust Fund Solvency

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Medicare Open Enrollment

Beneficiaries Have 32 Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug Plans Available, on Average, for 2026

The average Medicare beneficiary will be able to choose among 32 Medicare Advantage plans with prescription drug coverage for 2026, two fewer than in 2025. The number of MA-PD options has grown steadily since 2010, peaking in 2024 when the average Medicare beneficiary had 36 options. Open enrollment runs October 15 through December 7.

Also: Medicare Open Enrollment FAQs

Premiums Are Decreasing for Many Stand-Alone Drug Plans in a Number of States in 2026

A Current Snapshot of the Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Benefit

The Role of SHIPs in Helping People with Medicare Navigate Their Coverage

What to Know About the Medicare Open Enrollment Period and Medicare Coverage Options

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  • A Profile of Medicare-Medicaid Enrollees (Dual Eligibles)

    Issue Brief

    This brief examines the demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics of Medicare-Medicaid enrollees using the 2020 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey. It highlights the diversity within the Medicare-Medicaid population and how Medicare-Medicaid enrollees differ from all other Medicare beneficiaries.

  • Enrollment and Spending Patterns Among Medicare-Medicaid Enrollees (Dual Eligibles)

    Issue Brief

    This brief examines national and state-level data on enrollment and spending for Medicare-Medicaid enrollees using the 2019 and 2020 Medicare Beneficiary Summary Files and the 2019 Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information System (T-MSIS). Spending data for Medicare includes beneficiaries in traditional Medicare only, since spending data for beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare Advantage plans are unavailable. State-level data on Medicare-Medicaid enrollment and spending are available through KFF’s State Health Facts.

  • What to Know about Medicare Spending and Financing

    Issue Brief

    This brief provides an overview of Medicare spending and financing, based on the most recent historical and projected data from the Medicare Trustees and the Congressional Budget Office (CBO). The brief highlights trends in Medicare spending and key drivers of spending growth, including higher enrollment, growth in health care costs, and increases in payments to Medicare Advantage plans.

  • Medicare Part D: A First Look at Medicare Drug Plans in 2023

    Issue Brief

    This issue brief provides an overview of the Medicare Part D marketplace in 2023 and key trends over time, focusing primarily on stand-alone Medicare drug plans, including plan availability, premiums, and cost sharing. The brief also describes the prescription drug provisions in the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 that affect the Medicare Part D marketplace beginning in 2023

  • Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic, Medicare Spending on Skilled Nursing Facilities Increased More than 4% Despite an Overall Decline in Utilization

    Issue Brief

    Medicare spending for skilled nursing facilities increased in 2020 despite an overall decrease in the number of Medicare beneficiaries using SNF services. The higher spending is explained by longer and more expensive SNF stays in 2020 compared to 2019, both of which increased more sharply for Medicare beneficiaries under the age of 65 than for older Medicare SNF users.

  • Examining Prior Authorization in Health Insurance

    Policy Watch

    This post explains what's known about how insurers use prior authorization as a tool to control costs and encourage cost-effective care, the state and federal laws that govern it, and ongoing policy debates over efforts to impose standards to limit or regulate its use.