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Immigration Enforcement and Health

Public Charge Policies Will Decrease Medicaid and CHIP Enrollment

This analysis examines how a proposed federal rule that would rescind Biden administration public charge regulations is expected to decrease participation in Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) among immigrant families. The proposed changes could lead to between 1.3 million and 4 million people in immigrant families disenrolling from Medicaid or CHIP, including 600,000 to 1.8 million citizen children.

Also: New Health-Related Visa Guidance Could Impact Millions of Noncitizens

Refugees and Asylees: Recent Changes in Access to Health Coverage and Other Assistance

Policy Bars Many Immigrants from a Broad Range of Federal Health and Social Supports

Health Issues for Immigrants in Detention Centers

CMS Plans to Share Data with ICE Could Exacerbate Immigrant Families’ Fears About Accessing Health Coverage and Care

survey of immigrants

KFF-New York Times Survey: Immigrants Report Rising Fear, Negative Economic and Health Impacts, and Changing Political Views During the First Year of President Trump’s Second Term

The 2025 Survey of Immigrants, a partnership between KFF and The New York Times, takes an in-depth look at the experiences of immigrants during the first year of President Trump’s second term, including their worries related to increased immigration enforcement, their health and economic wellbeing, and the political views and preferences of immigrant voters. The survey paints a portrait of families under strain — where fear of detention and economic instability are negatively impacting immigrants’ health and reshaping immigrant families’ daily lives and views of U.S. political parties.

Read the News Release | Explore The New York Times’ Reporting

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  • Race, Inequality, and Health

    Feature

    This Health Policy 101 chapter provides an overview of racial and ethnic disparities in health and health care and the factors that drive them, including the role of historical events and social and economic factors. It discusses why addressing disparities is important for health and economic prosperity, reviews recent federal policy actions that may impact disparities, and outlines future considerations.

  • Health Issues for Immigrants in Detention Centers

    Issue Brief

    President Trump has prioritized mass deportation and detention of undocumented immigrations. This brief looks at recent trends in detention using Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) data and health care risks and challenges facing those held in detention facilities.

  • Health Provisions in the 2025 Federal Budget Reconciliation Law

    Issue Brief

    On July 4, President Trump signed the budget reconciliation bill, previously known as the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act,” into law. This summary provides background, description, budgetary impact and related information on the health care provisions of the law in four categories: Medicaid, the Affordable Care Act, Medicare and Health Savings Accounts (HSAs).

  • What Role Do Immigrants Play in the Rural Workforce?

    Issue Brief

    This data note examines the role that immigrants play in the rural workforce, particularly in industries disproportionately filled by immigrants, including health care, agriculture, construction, and service.

  • Where Americans Saw Information About Tax and Budget Legislation on Social Media, and False Measles Narratives Target Immigrants — The Monitor

    Feature

    This volume shares findings from KFF’s latest poll on how the public encountered information about the recently passed tax and budget legislation; misleading narratives blaming undocumented immigrants for the current measles outbreak; misrepresentations of vaccine safety systems; claims that climate change isn’t real following deadly Texas flooding; and confusion around statins for preventing heart disease.

  • Impacts of Federal Actions on Extreme Heat and Health

    Issue Brief

    Between 1999 and 2023, the number of heat-related deaths in the U.S. increased by 117%. KFF analysis of data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows that American Indian or Alaska Native and Black people are at higher risk of experiencing a heat-related death compared to their White counterparts. Estimates suggest that heat events in the U.S result in approximately $1 billion in excess health care costs each year. If left unaddressed, climate change could cost the U.S. economy approximately $14.5 trillion over the next fifty years.