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About the ACA

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Did the Affordable Care Act Make Health Care More Affordable?

The expiration of the ACA’s enhanced premium tax credits at the start of 2026, combined with rising insurer premiums, put a spotlight on health care affordability that extends beyond Marketplace enrollees. KFF’s Cynthia Cox examines the ACA’s record and the broader underlying question it raises: what’s a fair price for Americans people to pay for health care?

The ACA MarketplaceS

In Preliminary Rate Filings, ACA Marketplace Insurers Largely Propose Double-Digit Premium Increase For 2027, Following a Steep Climb This Year 

ACA Marketplace insurers are proposing a median premium increase of 14% for 2027— indicating a likely second consecutive year of double-digit increases, according to a new analysis of preliminary rate filings in 16 states and DC. If these increases hold, typical premiums for insurers participating in the ACA Marketplaces would jump by more than one-third between 2025 and 2027.

The Average Marketplace Deductible Grew by About $1,000 Per Person in 2026, With More Enrollees Shifting to Higher-Deductible Plans as Enhanced Tax Credits Expired

The average Affordable Care Act (ACA) Marketplace deductible experienced the steepest increase in history—growing by 37% or over $1,000, from $2,759 in 2025 to $3,786 in 2026 as enhanced premium tax credits expired, according to a new KFF analysis. After the enhanced tax credits ended, many Marketplace shoppers shifted toward lower-premium, higher-deductible plans.

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  • I am unemployed and receiving UI this year, but my income is low enough to qualify for Medicaid and I live in an expansion state. Can I choose between that and marketplace subsidies?

    FAQs

    No.  If you are eligible for Medicaid you cannot be eligible for marketplace subsidies.  Some people who receive UI benefits will be eligible for Medicaid, in part because Medicaid will NOT take into account the $300 per week federal supplemental UI benefits.  When you apply through the marketplace, you will receive a determination indicating whether you are eligible for Medicaid.  Medicaid coverage is also free or low cost (some states charge a nominal monthly premium…

  • I lost my job and health benefits. I’d like to continue coverage under my group plan through COBRA but am worried I won’t be able to afford it. Is there any help for me?

    FAQs

    Yes.  The American Rescue Plan provides for new, temporary COBRA premium subsidies for people who lost their jobs or had their hours cut so they no longer qualify for group health benefits.  The law provides for a 100% premium subsidy for COBRA for up to 6 months.  The first subsidy-eligible month is April 2021 and the last subsidy-eligible month is September 2021.  Employers will pay the COBRA premium for subsidy-eligible individuals and be reimbursed by…

  • What happens after the COBRA subsidies end in September?

    FAQs

    You can continue on COBRA unsubsidized until your 18 months of COBRA eligibility ends. In addition, you will have the option to enroll in marketplace coverage when the subsidy ends in September.  Loss of the COBRA subsidy will make you eligible for a special enrollment period (SEP) to sign up for marketplace coverage.  If you make your plan selection before the end of September, new marketplace coverage will take effect on October 1. 

  • I just got laid off. I am eligible for 6 months of COBRA subsidy, also eligible for Medicaid. Can I choose option that is best for me?

    FAQs

    Yes, eligibility for COBRA does not affect your eligibility for Medicaid or vice versa.  Medicaid also offers premium-free coverage (in some states Medicaid charges a nominal monthly premium for some adults) with no or nominal cost sharing.  As you consider options, you will want to compare provider networks, cost sharing, covered benefits, other plan features. If you elect COBRA, remember the subsidy ends no later than September 30, 2021.  If income remains at or below…

  • The ACA Family Glitch and Affordability of Employer Coverage

    Issue Brief

    This analysis estimates that 5.1 million people fall into the Affordable Care Act's "family glitch," which occurs when a worker receives an offer of affordable employer coverage for themselves but not for their dependents, making them ineligible for financial assistance for marketplace coverage. It explores the demographic characteristics of this group, including state-level estimates.

  • Analysis Estimates 5.1 Million People Fall into the Affordable Care Act’s “Family Glitch”

    News Release

    A new KFF analysis estimates 5.1 million people nationally fall into the Affordable Care Act’s “family glitch” that occurs when a worker receives an offer of affordable employer coverage for themselves but not for their dependents, making them ineligible for financial assistance for marketplace coverage. The so-called glitch occurs because the ACA prohibits people with an offer of affordable employer coverage from purchasing subsidized coverage through the ACA marketplace. Under current rules, the affordability of…

  • Filling the Coverage Gap: Policy Options and Considerations

    Issue Brief

    This issue brief examines some of the other options policymakers may consider to extend coverage to people in the gap, including increased fiscal incentives for states, a narrower public option, and making people with incomes below the poverty level eligible for enhanced ACA premium subsidies.

  • What Are Some Policy Options for Reaching the 2.2 Million Uninsured People in the ACA’s “Coverage Gap”?

    News Release

    A new KFF issue brief explores several potential policy options that would help close the Affordable Care Act’s "coverage gap," including providing further new incentives for states to expand Medicaid, creating a new "public option" or extending ACA Marketplace premium subsidies to low-income people who don’t currently qualify for federal help. At stake is affordable health coverage for 2.2 million uninsured people with incomes below the federal poverty level ($12,880 annually for an individual in…