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About the ACA

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Did the Affordable Care Act Make Health Care More Affordable?

The expiration of the ACA’s enhanced premium tax credits at the start of 2026, combined with rising insurer premiums, put a spotlight on health care affordability that extends beyond Marketplace enrollees. KFF’s Cynthia Cox examines the ACA’s record and the broader underlying question it raises: what’s a fair price for Americans people to pay for health care?

The ACA MarketplaceS

In Preliminary Rate Filings, ACA Marketplace Insurers Largely Propose Double-Digit Premium Increase For 2027, Following a Steep Climb This Year 

ACA Marketplace insurers are proposing a median premium increase of 14% for 2027— indicating a likely second consecutive year of double-digit increases, according to a new analysis of preliminary rate filings in 16 states and DC. If these increases hold, typical premiums for insurers participating in the ACA Marketplaces would jump by more than one-third between 2025 and 2027.

The Average Marketplace Deductible Grew by About $1,000 Per Person in 2026, With More Enrollees Shifting to Higher-Deductible Plans as Enhanced Tax Credits Expired

The average Affordable Care Act (ACA) Marketplace deductible experienced the steepest increase in history—growing by 37% or over $1,000, from $2,759 in 2025 to $3,786 in 2026 as enhanced premium tax credits expired, according to a new KFF analysis. After the enhanced tax credits ended, many Marketplace shoppers shifted toward lower-premium, higher-deductible plans.

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  • Can I be charged more if I have a pre-existing health condition?

    FAQs

    Not if you're buying a Marketplace plan. Marketplace plans are not allowed to charge you more based on your health status or pre-existing health condition. Some plans that are sold off the Marketplace, such as short-term plans and health sharing ministries, can turn you down or charge you more based on your health status or pre-existing condition. Click here for information on what to look for if you’re considering shopping for a plan off the…

  • Do Marketplace plans cover dental care?

    FAQs

    It depends on your age. Dental coverage for children ages 18 and under is an "essential health benefit," meaning it must be available to any children you have, either as part of a health plan or through a separate dental plan, though you are not required to buy it. Dental coverage for adults is not considered an essential health benefit, so Marketplace plans don’t have to offer it.

  • How can I compare covered benefits in different Marketplace plans?

    FAQs

    Although all Marketplace health plans are required to cover the ten categories of essential health benefits, insurers in many states have flexibility to modify coverage for some of the specific services within each category, subject to approval by their Marketplace. All health plans must provide consumers with a Summary of Benefits and Coverage (SBC) to make it easier to compare differences in health plan benefits and cost sharing. It is also available for each plan…

  • What health plans are offered through the Marketplace?

    FAQs

    All health plans offered through the Marketplace must meet the requirements of “qualified health plans.” This means they will cover essential health benefits, limit the amount of cost sharing (such as deductibles and co-pays) for covered benefits, cover certain preventive services at no cost to consumers, and satisfy all other consumer protections required under the Affordable Care Act. Health plans vary in the benefits they cover and the level of cost sharing required. Plans are…

  • I notice something called “Easy pricing” under the plan name on HealthCare.gov. What does that mean?

    FAQs

    "Easy pricing" refers to a "standardized" plan design on HealthCare.gov that aims to make it simpler to compare plans by applying the same to each category of essential health benefits across all easy pricing plans in the same metal level. For example, all Bronze-level easy pricing plans have the same deductible and copays. By contrast, non-standardized Bronze-level plans might have different deductible and copay amounts. Easy pricing plans are marked with a green circle with…

  • I am self-employed and my income varies from year to year. How do I apply for premium tax credits if I don’t know what my income will be next year?

    FAQs

    When you apply for the premium tax credit, you will be asked to estimate your expected income for the upcoming year. Often a good place to start is to consider what your income is this year, or what income you reported on your tax return last year. However, if your circumstances have changed since then, you should make your best estimate of what your income will be next year. For example, if you recently lost…

  • My 24-year-old daughter is eligible for premium tax credits and a cost-sharing reduction. We are not eligible for any financial assistance, but we would all like to enroll in the same Marketplace plan....

    FAQs

    You do not need to claim your daughter as a tax dependent to be covered on your Marketplace health plan; however, since you do not claim her as a tax dependent, she will likely have to submit a separate application, and she likely will not be able to apply her premium tax credits to your shared plan. Additionally, because you do not qualify for cost-sharing subsidies, she will not be able to apply hers to…

  • I notice “short-term limited-duration” insurance plans for sale outside of the Marketplace, and they are cheaper than many other health plans. What is a short-term limited-duration health plan?

    FAQs

    “Short-term limited-duration” insurance plans are intended to fill a temporary gap in health coverage, such as when someone is between jobs. The maximum duration of short-term plans varies by state. Short-term plans must disclose to consumers that these plans are “NOT comprehensive health coverage.” Short-term plans often do not have the consumer protections found in Marketplace plans. For example, short-term plans can exclude coverage of pre-existing health conditions. Also, many short-term plans do not cover essential health…

  • I received a Form 1095-A from the Marketplace. What is that?

    FAQs

    Form 1095-A gives you information about the amount of advance premium tax credit (APTC) you received during the previous year. A copy of this form is also reported to the IRS. Keep this form with your other tax records. The APTC you received was based on the annual income you estimated you would earn when you signed up for Marketplace coverage. Now you must file a federal income tax return to compute your actual income for that coverage…