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How Well Does the Employment-Based Health Insurance System Work for Low-Income Families? September 1998 Most Americans receive health insurance coverage through the workplace. Unfortunately, however, many workers are left out, especially low-wage workers and their families. Being a low paid worker does not mean just that wages are low.
This paper provides an overview of Medicaid eligibility policy and examines two groups of Americans in particular - low-income children and nondisabled adults under 65 - and summarizes the statutory and regulatory pathways to Medicaid eligibility available to them as individuals.
Medicaid Eligibility for Families and Children September 1998 Measured by enrollment, Medicaid is the largest health insurer in the country. According to the Urban Institute's estimates, Medicaid covered 41.3 million Americans in 1996; Medicare, in comparison, covered 38 million.
This paper describes the nature of employer coverage; its decline, especially among low-wage workers and low-income families; and the factors that are undermining its reach.
Part 5 Appendix Table 1: Medicaid Eligibility Levels for Pregnant Women and Children Pregnant Women, Infants and Children(as of May 20, 1998) Other Eligibility Categories Pregnant Women and Infants Children Under Age 6 Children Ages 6 to 14 Children Ages 14 to 19 Asset Test Required for Children (4) Max.
Privatization of Public Hospitals Full Report available in PDF format.Summary available in PDF format.
This report examines the trends in the closure of public hospitals and their conversion to private ownership. It also provides case studies of communities where major privatizations have occurred. Report (.pdf) Summary of Findings (.
Part 2 Even when insurance is offered to low-wage workers, its costs to these workers may be substantial, and, for some, a barrier to coverage. In 1996, workers had to contribute an average of $1,615 per year for family coverage, or about 30% of the total premium.
This Summary presents background, findings, and data from the Economic and Social Research Institute's (ESRI) full report, Privatization of Public Hospitals. Section I provides background about public hospital conversions, including the role of public hospitals, reasons for conversion, the mechanisms of conversion and new ownership entities, and analysis of national and regional public hospital data.
Part 3 What Explains the Coverage Decline? Rapidly rising health care costs-or, more precisely, employers' responses to costs-have contributed to the widespread erosion of employer coverage. As employers have shifted costs to workers, participation has dropped.
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