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  • Medicaid: A Primer – Key Information on the Nation’s Health Coverage Program for Low-Income People

    Issue Brief

    This Medicaid primer provides an overview of the nation's largest health coverage program, which covers more than 62 million low-income individuals, including children and families, people with disabilities and seniors who are also covered by Medicare. Medicaid also is the dominant source of the country’s long-term care financing. The program will expand significantly under the Affordable Care Act in 2014.

  • Community Health Centers in an Era of Health Reform: An Overview and Key Challenges to Health Center Growth

    Issue Brief

    Over 1,100 federally funded community health centers play a vital role in ensuring access to health care for a predominantly low-income population in medically underserved communities. Health centers’ ability to provide comprehensive primary care and improve access to high-quality care while holding down health care cost growth has been well-documented. As health reform spurs coverage expansion and efforts to improve quality, the nation’s reliance on health centers is likely to grow. In the Affordable Care…

  • Reversing the Trend? Understanding the Recent Increase in Health Insurance Coverage among the Nonelderly Population

    Issue Brief

    This brief examines why the number of nonelderly uninsured people in the U.S. declined by 1.2 million in 2011, the latest year for which Census data are available. The analysis finds that the decrease – a reversal of the rise in the uninsured in previous years stemming from the recent recession – was the result of an increase in coverage through public programs such as Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program. Most of the…

  • Immigration Reform and Access to Health Coverage: Key Issues to Consider

    Issue Brief

    The Obama administration and a bipartisan group of U.S. senators recently released blueprints for immigration reform proposals that include a roadmap to citizenship for the 11 million undocumented immigrants currently residing in the United States. Subject to meeting specified requirements, these individuals would be able to apply for a provisional lawful status. After completing an undefined number of years in this status, an individual would then be allowed to apply for lawful permanent residency and,…

  • Money Follows the Person: A 2012 Survey of Transitions, Services and Costs

    Issue Brief

    The Affordable Care Act extended the Money Follows the Person (MFP) demonstration grant program through 2016, giving states further options to transition Medicaid beneficiaries living in institutions back to the community. Enacted into law in 2006 as part of the Deficit Reduction Act (DRA), the MFP demonstration provides states with enhanced federal matching funds for twelve months for each Medicaid beneficiary transitioned from an institutional setting to a community-based setting. A total of 45 states…

  • Premiums and Cost-Sharing in Medicaid

    Issue Brief

    Medicaid, the nation’s public health insurance program for low-income people, now covers nearly 60 million Americans, including many working families, low-income elderly, and individuals with disabilities. Medicaid beneficiaries tend to be poorer and sicker than those enrolled in private insurance. Given these characteristics, federal law limits the extent to which states can charge premiums and cost-sharing, particularly for pregnant women, children and adults but allows flexibility for individuals with incomes above 100% of the federal…

  • Premiums and Cost-Sharing in Medicaid: A Review of Research Findings

    Issue Brief

    Medicaid covers nearly 60 million Americans. Because the population covered by the program is low-income, federal law limits the extent to which states can charge premiums and cost-sharing amounts, particularly for pregnant women, children and adults with incomes below poverty. Yet there is renewed interest in the use of premiums and cost-sharing in Medicaid given the continued focus on cost-containment due to ongoing state budget pressures as well as recently proposed changes to federal regulations…

  • Implementing New Private Health Insurance Market Rules

    Issue Brief

    With the Jan. 1, 2014 effective date for implementing major changes in the private insurance market under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) approaching, this brief looks at three proposed federal regulations released in late November 2012 that detail how the ACA’s rules will operate in the following areas: private insurance market reforms, essential health benefits and actuarial value, and wellness programs offered or required by employers under group health plans. These regulations deal with aspects…

  • Medicare Spending Limits: Issues and Implications

    Issue Brief

    Several major deficit-reduction plans include provisions that would impose an explicit limit on the growth in Medicare spending. In general, such limits would trigger cuts if Medicare spending grows more rapidly than a target, such as the growth in the economy. This brief prepared for the Kaiser Family Foundation describes and analyzes various approaches to setting and enforcing limits on Medicare spending. It looks at how proposed spending limits might work if Medicare spending per…

  • The Medicaid Medically Needy Program: Spending and Enrollment Update

    Issue Brief

    This brief examines Medicaid's medically needy program, which gives states the option to extend Medicaid eligibility to those with high medical expenses whose income exceeds the maximum threshold, but who would otherwise qualify. It provides updated enrollment and spending figures on the medically needy using data through federal fiscal year 2009, and explains how individuals become eligible for the program and key considerations for policy discussions. Brief (.pdf)