Beneficiary Experience, Affordability, Utilization, and Quality in Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare: A Review of the Literature

Report
  1. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  2. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  3. Sungchul Park et al., “Differences in Health Care Utilization, Process of Diabetes Care, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status in Patients With Diabetes in Medicare Advantage Versus Traditional Medicare,” Medical Care 58, no. 11 (November 2020): 1004-1012, doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000001390

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  4. Sungchul Park et al., “Health Care Utilization, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status for Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries With and Without Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias,” JAMA Network Open 3, no. 3 (March 2020): e201809, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.1809

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  5. Sungchul Park, “Effect of Medicare Advantage on health care use and care dissatisfaction in mental illness,” Health Services Research 57, no. 4 (February 2022): 820-829, https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13945

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  6. Zachary Levinson and Julia Adler-Milstein, “A decade of experience for high-needs beneficiaries under Medicare Advantage,” Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 2020): 100490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2020.100490

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  7. Claire K. Ankuda et al., “Family and Friend Perceptions of Quality of End-of-Life Care in Medicare Advantage vs Traditional Medicare,” JAMA Network Open 3, no. 10 (October 2020): e2020345, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.20345

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  8. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  9. Laura Skopec, Joshua Aarons, and Stephen Zuckerman, “Did Medicare Advantage Payment Cuts Affect Beneficiary Access and Affordability?” American Journal of Managed Care 25, no. 9 (September 2019): e261-e266, https://www.ajmc.com/view/did-medicare-advantage-payment-cuts-affect-beneficiary-access-and-affordability

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  10. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  11. Laura Skopec, Joshua Aarons, and Stephen Zuckerman, “Did Medicare Advantage Payment Cuts Affect Beneficiary Access and Affordability?” American Journal of Managed Care 25, no. 9 (September 2019): e261-e266, https://www.ajmc.com/view/did-medicare-advantage-payment-cuts-affect-beneficiary-access-and-affordability

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  12. Kenton J. Johnston, et al., “Association of Race and Ethnicity and Medicare Program Type With Ambulatory Care Access and Quality Measures,” JAMA 326, no. 7 (August 2021): 628-636, doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10413

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  13. Kenton J. Johnston, et al., “Association of Race and Ethnicity and Medicare Program Type With Ambulatory Care Access and Quality Measures,” JAMA 326, no. 7 (August 2021): 628-636, doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10413

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  14. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  15. Kenton J Johnston, et al., “Comparison of Ambulatory Care Access and Quality for Beneficiaries with Disabilities Covered by Medicare Advantage vs Traditional Medicare Insurance,” JAMA Health Forum 3, no. 1 (January 2022): e214562, doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.4562

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  16. Zachary Levinson and Julia Adler-Milstein, “A decade of experience for high-needs beneficiaries under Medicare Advantage,” Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 2020): 100490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2020.100490

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  17. Kenton J. Johnston, et al., “Association of Race and Ethnicity and Medicare Program Type With Ambulatory Care Access and Quality Measures,” JAMA 326, no. 7 (August 2021): 628-636, doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10413

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  18. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  19. Justin W. Timbie et al., “Medicare Advantage and Fee‐for‐Service Performance on Clinical Quality and Patient Experience Measures: Comparisons from Three Large States,” Health Services Research 52, no. 6 (December 2017): 2038-2060, doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12787

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  20. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  21. Laura Skopec, Joshua Aarons, and Stephen Zuckerman, “Did Medicare Advantage Payment Cuts Affect Beneficiary Access and Affordability?” American Journal of Managed Care 25, no. 9 (September 2019): e261-e266, https://www.ajmc.com/view/did-medicare-advantage-payment-cuts-affect-beneficiary-access-and-affordability

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  22. Zachary Levinson and Julia Adler-Milstein, “A decade of experience for high-needs beneficiaries under Medicare Advantage,” Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 2020): 100490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2020.100490

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  23. Michael T. Halpern ,Matthew P. Urato, and Erin E. Kent, “The health care experience of patients with cancer during the last year of life: Analysis of the SEER-CAHPS data set,” Cancer 123, no. 2 (January 2017): 336-344,  https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.30319

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  24. Justin W. Timbie et al., “Medicare Advantage and Fee‐for‐Service Performance on Clinical Quality and Patient Experience Measures: Comparisons from Three Large States,” Health Services Research 52, no. 6 (December 2017): 2038-2060, doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12787

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  25. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  26. Gretchen Jacobson et al., 2021

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  27. Gretchen Jacobson et al., 2021

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  28. Gretchen Jacobson et al., 2021

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  29. Zachary Levinson and Julia Adler-Milstein, “A decade of experience for high-needs beneficiaries under Medicare Advantage,” Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 2020): 100490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2020.100490

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  30. Justin W. Timbie et al., “Medicare Advantage and Fee‐for‐Service Performance on Clinical Quality and Patient Experience Measures: Comparisons from Three Large States,” Health Services Research 52, no. 6 (December 2017): 2038-2060, doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12787

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  31. Marc N. Elliot et al., “Medicare Prescription Drug Plan Enrollees Report Less Positive Experiences Than Their Medicare Advantage Counterparts,” Health Affairs 35, no. 3 (March 2016): 456-463 https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0816

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  32. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  33. Sungchul Park, “Effect of Medicare Advantage on health care use and care dissatisfaction in mental illness,” Health Services Research 57, no. 4 (February 2022): 820-829, https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13945

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  34. Michael T. Halpern, Matthew P. Urato, Erin E. Kent, “The health care experience of patients with cancer during the last year of life: Analysis of the SEER-CAHPS data set,” Cancer 123, no. 2 (January 2017): 336-344,  https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.30319

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  35. David Meyers et al., “Analysis of Drivers of Disenrollment and Plan Switching Among Medicare Advantage Beneficiaries,” JAMA Internal Medicine 179, no. 4 (February 2019): 524-532, doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.7639

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  36. Claire Ankuda et al., “Switching Between Medicare Advantage And Traditional Medicare Before And After The Onset Of Functional Disability,” Health Affairs 39, no. 5 (May 2020),
    https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01070

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  37. Sungchul Park, David Meyers, and Brent Langellier, “Rural Enrollees In Medicare Advantage Have Substantial Rates Of Switching To Traditional Medicare,” Health Affairs 40, no. 3 (March 2021),
    https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2020.01435

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  38. Claire Ankuda et al., “Switching Between Medicare Advantage And Traditional Medicare Before And After The Onset Of Functional Disability,” Health Affairs 39, no. 5 (May 2020),
    https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01070

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  39. Sungchul Park et al., “Disease-Specific Plan Switching Between Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage,” The Permanente Journal 24 (November 2019), doi: 10.7812/TPP/19.059

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  40. Jeannie Fuglesten Biniek, Nancy Ochieng, Juliette Cubanski, and Tricia Neuman, Cost-Related Problems Are Less Common Among Beneficiaries in Traditional Medicare Than in Medicare Advantage, Mainly Due to Supplemental Coverage  (Washington, DC: KFF, June 2021), https://www.kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/cost-related-problems-are-less-common-among-beneficiaries-in-traditional-medicare-than-in-medicare-advantage-mainly-due-to-supplemental-coverage/

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  41. Amy E. Cha & Robin A. Cohen, “Problems Paying Medical Bills, 2018,” National Center for Health Statistics Data Brief no. 357 (February 2020), https://www.ehidc.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/Problems%20Paying%20Medical%20Bills%202018.pdf

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  42. Laura Skopec, Joshua Aarons, and Stephen Zuckerman, “Did Medicare Advantage Payment Cuts Affect Beneficiary Access and Affordability?” American Journal of Managed Care 25, no. 9 (September 2019): e261-e266, https://www.ajmc.com/view/did-medicare-advantage-payment-cuts-affect-beneficiary-access-and-affordability

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  43. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  44. Jeannie Fuglesten Biniek, Nancy Ochieng, Juliette Cubanski, and Tricia Neuman, Cost-Related Problems Are Less Common Among Beneficiaries in Traditional Medicare Than in Medicare Advantage, Mainly Due to Supplemental Coverage  (Washington, DC: KFF, June 2021), https://www.kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/cost-related-problems-are-less-common-among-beneficiaries-in-traditional-medicare-than-in-medicare-advantage-mainly-due-to-supplemental-coverage/

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  45. Zachary Levinson and Julia Adler-Milstein, “A decade of experience for high-needs beneficiaries under Medicare Advantage,” Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 2020): 100490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2020.100490

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  46. Sungchul Park, “Effect of Medicare Advantage on health care use and care dissatisfaction in mental illness,” Health Services Research 57, no. 4 (February 2022): 820-829, https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13945

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  47. Sungchul Park et al., “Differences in Health Care Utilization, Process of Diabetes Care, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status in Patients With Diabetes in Medicare Advantage Versus Traditional Medicare,” Medical Care 58, no. 11 (November 2020): 1004-1012, doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000001390

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  48. Sungchul Park, Jose F. Figueroa, Paul Fishman, and Norma B. Coe, “Primary Care Utilization and Expenditures in Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage, 2007–2016,” Journal of General Internal Medicine 35 (May 2020): 2480-2481, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05826-x

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  49. Mireille Jacobson, Johanna Thunell, and Julie Zissimopoulos, “Cognitive Assessment At Medicare’s Annual Wellness Visit In Fee-For-Service And Medicare Advantage Plans,” Health Affairs 39, no. 11 (November 2020): 1935-1942, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01795

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  50. Mireille Jacobson, Johanna Thunell, and Julie Zissimopoulos, “Cognitive Assessment At Medicare’s Annual Wellness Visit In Fee-For-Service And Medicare Advantage Plans,” Health Affairs 39, no. 11 (November 2020): 1935-1942, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01795

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  51. Kenton J. Johnston, et al., “Association of Race and Ethnicity and Medicare Program Type With Ambulatory Care Access and Quality Measures,” JAMA 326, no. 7 (August 2021): 628-636, doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10413

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  52. Justin W. Timbie et al., “Medicare Advantage and Fee‐for‐Service Performance on Clinical Quality and Patient Experience Measures: Comparisons from Three Large States,” Health Services Research 52, no. 6 (December 2017): 2038-2060, doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12787

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  53. Sungchul Park, Jose F. Figueroa, Paul Fishman, and Norma B. Coe, “Primary Care Utilization and Expenditures in Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage, 2007–2016,” Journal of General Internal Medicine 35 (May 2020): 2480-2481, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05826-x

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  54. Kenton J. Johnston, et al., “Association of Race and Ethnicity and Medicare Program Type With Ambulatory Care Access and Quality Measures,” JAMA 326, no. 7 (August 2021): 628-636, doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10413

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  55. Justin W. Timbie et al., “Medicare Advantage and Fee‐for‐Service Performance on Clinical Quality and Patient Experience Measures: Comparisons from Three Large States,” Health Services Research 52, no. 6 (December 2017): 2038-2060, doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12787

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  56. Kenton J. Johnston, et al., “Association of Race and Ethnicity and Medicare Program Type With Ambulatory Care Access and Quality Measures,” JAMA 326, no. 7 (August 2021): 628-636, doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10413

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  57. Jose F. Figueroa et al., “Quality of Care and Outcomes Among Medicare Advantage vs Fee-for-Service Medicare Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure,” JAMA Cardiology 5, no. 12 (September 2020): 1349-1357, doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.3638

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  58. Zhuliang Tao et al., “Impact of Out-of-Pocket Cost on Herpes Zoster Vaccine Uptake: An Observational Study in a Medicare Managed Care Population,” Vaccines 6, no. 4 (December 2018): 78, doi: 10.3390/vaccines6040078

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  59. Justin W. Timbie et al., “Medicare Advantage and Fee‐for‐Service Performance on Clinical Quality and Patient Experience Measures: Comparisons from Three Large States,” Health Services Research 52, no. 6 (December 2017): 2038-2060, doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12787

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  60. Kenton J. Johnston, et al., “Association of Race and Ethnicity and Medicare Program Type With Ambulatory Care Access and Quality Measures,” JAMA 326, no. 7 (August 2021): 628-636, doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10413

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  61. Sungchul Park, Jose F. Figueroa, Paul Fishman, and Norma B. Coe, “Primary Care Utilization and Expenditures in Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage, 2007–2016,” Journal of General Internal Medicine 35 (May 2020): 2480-2481, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05826-x

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  62. Kenton J. Johnston, et al., “Association of Race and Ethnicity and Medicare Program Type With Ambulatory Care Access and Quality Measures,” JAMA 326, no. 7 (August 2021): 628-636, doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10413

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  63. Justin W. Timbie et al., “Medicare Advantage and Fee‐for‐Service Performance on Clinical Quality and Patient Experience Measures: Comparisons from Three Large States,” Health Services Research 52, no. 6 (December 2017): 2038-2060, doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12787

    ← Return to text

  64. Sungchul Park, Jose F. Figueroa, Paul Fishman, and Norma B. Coe, “Primary Care Utilization and Expenditures in Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage, 2007–2016,” Journal of General Internal Medicine 35 (May 2020): 2480-2481, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05826-x

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  65. Kenton J. Johnston, et al., “Association of Race and Ethnicity and Medicare Program Type With Ambulatory Care Access and Quality Measures,” JAMA 326, no. 7 (August 2021): 628-636, doi:10.1001/jama.2021.10413

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  66. Kenton J Johnston, et al., “Comparison of Ambulatory Care Access and Quality for Beneficiaries with Disabilities Covered by Medicare Advantage vs Traditional Medicare Insurance,” JAMA Health Forum 3, no. 1 (January 2022): e214562, doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.4562

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  67. Chima Ndumele et al., “Differences in Hospitalizations Between Fee-for-Service and Medicare Advantage Beneficiaries,” Medical Care 57, no. 1 (January 2019): 8-12, DOI: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000001000

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  68. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  69. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  70. Zachary Levinson and Julia Adler-Milstein, “A decade of experience for high-needs beneficiaries under Medicare Advantage,” Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 2020): 100490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2020.100490

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  71. Joseph P. Newhouse et al., “Delivery System Performance as Its Financial Risk Varies,” American Journal of Managed Care 25,  no. 12 (December 2019): e388-e394,  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7412600/

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  72. Sungchul Park et al., “Health Care Utilization, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status for Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries With and Without Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias,” JAMA Network Open 3, no. 3 (March 2020): e201809, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.1809

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  73. Aaron L. Schwartz et al., “Health Care Utilization and Spending in Medicare Advantage vs Traditional Medicare: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis,” JAMA Health Forum 2, no. 12 (December 2021):e214001, doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.4001

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  74. Sungchul Park et al., “Differences in Health Care Utilization, Process of Diabetes Care, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status in Patients With Diabetes in Medicare Advantage Versus Traditional Medicare,” Medical Care 58, no. 11 (November 2020): 1004-1012, doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000001390

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  75. Zachary Levinson and Julia Adler-Milstein, “A decade of experience for high-needs beneficiaries under Medicare Advantage,” Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 2020): 100490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2020.100490

    ← Return to text

  76. Sungchul Park, “Effect of Medicare Advantage on health care use and care dissatisfaction in mental illness,” Health Services Research 57, no. 4 (February 2022): 820-829, https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13945

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  77. Rachel Mosher Henke et al., “Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Hospitalization Intensity and Readmissions,” Medical Care Research and Review 75 no. 4 (August 2018): 434-453, https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1077558717692103

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  78. Brian J. Moore and Lan Liang, Medicare Advantage Versus the Traditional Medicare Program: Costs of Inpatient Stays, 2009–2017 (Rockville, MD:  Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, August 2020), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562007/

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  79. Michael F Yayac, Samantha L Harrer, David A Janiec, and P Maxwell Courtney, “Costs and Outcomes of Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty,” Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 28, no. 20 (October 2020): e910-e916, DOI: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-19-00609

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  80. Qijuan Li et al., “Regional Variations: The Use Of Hospitals, Home Health, And Skilled Nursing In Traditional Medicare And Medicare Advantage,” Health Affairs 37, no. 8 (August 2018): 1274-1281, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2018.0147

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  81. Aaron L. Schwartz et al., “Health Care Utilization and Spending in Medicare Advantage vs Traditional Medicare: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis,” JAMA Health Forum 2, no. 12 (December 2021):e214001, doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.4001

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  82. Joan M. Teno et al. “Site of Death, Place of Care, and Health Care Transitions Among US Medicare Beneficiaries, 2000-2015,” JAMA 320 no. 3 (June 2018): 264-271, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6076888/

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  83. Joan M. Teno et al., “Dying with dementia in Medicare Advantage, Accountable Care Organizations, or traditional Medicare,” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 69, no. 10 (October 2021): 2802-2810, https://agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jgs.17225

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  84. Sungchul Park, Joan M. Teno, Lindsay White, and Norma B. Coe, “Effect of Medicare Advantage on patterns of end-of-life care among Medicare decedents,” Health Services Research 57, no. 4 (February 2022): 863-871, https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13953

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  85. Qijuan Li et al., “Regional Variations: The Use Of Hospitals, Home Health, And Skilled Nursing In Traditional Medicare And Medicare Advantage,” Health Affairs 37, no. 8 (August 2018): 1274-1281, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2018.0147

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  86. Sungchul Park et al., “Health Care Utilization, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status for Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries With and Without Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias,” JAMA Network Open 3, no. 3 (March 2020): e201809, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.1809

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  87. Zachary Levinson and Julia Adler-Milstein, “A decade of experience for high-needs beneficiaries under Medicare Advantage,” Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 2020): 100490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2020.100490

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  88. Joseph P. Newhouse et al., “Delivery System Performance as Its Financial Risk Varies,” American Journal of Managed Care 25,  no. 12 (December 2019): e388-e394,  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7412600/

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  89. Laura Skopec et al., “Home Health And Postacute Care Use In Medicare Advantage And Traditional Medicare,” Health Affairs 39 no. 5 (May 2020): 837-842, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00844

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  90. Peter Huckfeldt et al., “Less Intense Postacute Care, Better Outcomes For Enrollees In Medicare Advantage Than Those In Fee-For-Service,” Health Affairs 36, no. 1 (January 2017): 91-100,
    https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1027

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  91. Jose F. Figueroa et al., “Quality of Care and Outcomes Among Medicare Advantage vs Fee-for-Service Medicare Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure,” JAMA Cardiology 5, no. 12 (September 2020): 1349-1357, doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.3638

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  92. Ying Cao et al., “Assessment of Differences in Inpatient Rehabilitation Services for Length of Stay and Health Outcomes Between US Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries,” JAMA Network Open 3, no. 3 (March 2020): e201204, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.1204

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  93. Amit Kumar et al., “Comparing post-acute rehabilitation use, length of stay, and outcomes experienced by Medicare fee-for-service and Medicare Advantage beneficiaries with hip fracture in the United States: A secondary analysis of administrative data,” Plos Medicine 15 no. 6 (June 2018): e1002592, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002592

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  94. Michael F Yayac, Samantha L Harrer, David A Janiec, and P Maxwell Courtney, “Costs and Outcomes of Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty,” Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 28, no. 20 (October 2020): e910-e916, DOI: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-19-00609

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  95. Amit Kumar et al., “Comparing post-acute rehabilitation use, length of stay, and outcomes experienced by Medicare fee-for-service and Medicare Advantage beneficiaries with hip fracture in the United States: A secondary analysis of administrative data,” Plos Medicine 15 no. 6 (June 2018): e1002592, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002592

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  96. Ying Cao et al., “Assessment of Differences in Inpatient Rehabilitation Services for Length of Stay and Health Outcomes Between US Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries,” JAMA Network Open 3, no. 3 (March 2020): e201204, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.1204

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  97. Peter Huckfeldt et al., “Less Intense Postacute Care, Better Outcomes For Enrollees In Medicare Advantage Than Those In Fee-For-Service,” Health Affairs 36, no. 1 (January 2017): 91-100,
    https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1027

    ← Return to text

  98. Emiley Chang et al., “Differences in Nursing Home Quality Between Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Patients,” Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 17, no. 10 (October 2016): 960.e9-960e14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2016.07.017

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  99. Adrianne W. Casebeer et al., “A Comparison of Home Health Utilization, Outcomes, and Cost Between Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare,” Medical Care 60, no. 1 (January 2022): 66-74, https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0000000000001661

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  100. Sungchul Park et al., “Differences in Health Care Utilization, Process of Diabetes Care, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status in Patients With Diabetes in Medicare Advantage Versus Traditional Medicare,” Medical Care 58, no. 11 (November 2020): 1004-1012, doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000001390

    ← Return to text

  101. Sungchul Park et al., “Health Care Utilization, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status for Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries With and Without Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias,” JAMA Network Open 3, no. 3 (March 2020): e201809, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.1809

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  102. Laura Skopec et al., “Home Health And Postacute Care Use In Medicare Advantage And Traditional Medicare,” Health Affairs 39 no. 5 (May 2020): 837-842, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00844

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  103. Lacey Loomer, Cyrus M. Kosar, David J. Meyers, and Kali S. Thomas, “Comparing Receipt of Prescribed Post-acute Home Health Care Between Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries: an Observational Study,” Journal of General Internal Medicine 36 (October 2020): 2323–2331, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-06282-3

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  104. Laura Skopec et al., “Home Health Use In Medicare Advantage Compared To Use In Traditional Medicare,” Health Affairs 39, no. 6 (June 2020): 1072–1079, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01091

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  105. Daniel Waxman et al., “Does Medicare Advantage Enrollment Affect Home Healthcare Use?” American Journal of Managed Care 22, no. 11 (November 2016): 714-720, https://www.ajmc.com/view/does-medicare-advantage-enrollment-affect-home-healthcare-use

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  106. Kali S Thomas et al., “Home Health Use Following a Cancer Diagnosis Among Patients Enrolled in Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare: Findings From the Newly Linked SEER-Medicare and Home Health OASIS Data,” JNCI Monographs 2020, no. 55 (May 2020): 53-59, https://doi.org/10.1093/jncimonographs/lgaa003

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  107. Stephen Zuckerman et al, Changes in Home Health Care Use in Medicare Advantage Compared to Traditional Medicare, 2011-2016 (Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, October 2020), https://aspe.hhs.gov/reports/changes-home-health-care-use-medicare-advantage-compared-traditional-medicare-2011-2016

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  108. Stephen Zuckerman et al., Changes in Home Health Care Use in Medicare Advantage Compared to Traditional Medicare, 2011-2016 (Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, October 2020), https://aspe.hhs.gov/reports/changes-home-health-care-use-medicare-advantage-compared-traditional-medicare-2011-2016

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  109. Zachary Levinson and Julia Adler-Milstein, “A decade of experience for high-needs beneficiaries under Medicare Advantage,” Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 2020): 100490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2020.100490

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  110. Kali S Thomas et al., “Home Health Use Following a Cancer Diagnosis Among Patients Enrolled in Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare: Findings From the Newly Linked SEER-Medicare and Home Health OASIS Data,” JNCI Monographs 2020, no. 55 (May 2020): 53-59, https://doi.org/10.1093/jncimonographs/lgaa003

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  111. Daniel Waxman et al., “Does Medicare Advantage Enrollment Affect Home Healthcare Use?” American Journal of Managed Care 22, no. 11 (November 2016): 714-720, https://www.ajmc.com/view/does-medicare-advantage-enrollment-affect-home-healthcare-use

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  112. Laura Skopec et al., “Home Health Use In Medicare Advantage Compared To Use In Traditional Medicare,” Health Affairs 39, no. 6 (June 2020): 1072–1079, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01091

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  113. Qijuan Li et al., “Regional Variations: The Use Of Hospitals, Home Health, And Skilled Nursing In Traditional Medicare And Medicare Advantage,” Health Affairs 37, no. 8 (August 2018): 1274-1281, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2018.0147

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  114. Stephen Zuckerman et al., Changes in Home Health Care Use in Medicare Advantage Compared to Traditional Medicare, 2011-2016 (Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, October 2020), https://aspe.hhs.gov/reports/changes-home-health-care-use-medicare-advantage-compared-traditional-medicare-2011-2016

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  115. Stephen Zuckerman et al., Changes in Home Health Care Use in Medicare Advantage Compared to Traditional Medicare, 2011-2016 (Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, October 2020), https://aspe.hhs.gov/reports/changes-home-health-care-use-medicare-advantage-compared-traditional-medicare-2011-2016

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  116. Daniel Waxman et al., “Does Medicare Advantage Enrollment Affect Home Healthcare Use?” American Journal of Managed Care 22, no. 11 (November 2016): 714-720, https://www.ajmc.com/view/does-medicare-advantage-enrollment-affect-home-healthcare-use

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  117. Adrianne W. Casebeer et al., “A Comparison of Home Health Utilization, Outcomes, and Cost Between Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare,” Medical Care 60, no. 1 (January 2022): 66-74, https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0000000000001661

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  118. Daniel Waxman et al., “Does Medicare Advantage Enrollment Affect Home Healthcare Use?” American Journal of Managed Care 22, no. 11 (November 2016): 714-720, https://www.ajmc.com/view/does-medicare-advantage-enrollment-affect-home-healthcare-use

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  119. Sungchul Park, Jose F. Figueroa, Paul Fishman, and Norma B. Coe, “Primary Care Utilization and Expenditures in Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage, 2007–2016,” Journal of General Internal Medicine 35 (May 2020): 2480-2481, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05826-x

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  120. Aaron L. Schwartz et al., “Health Care Utilization and Spending in Medicare Advantage vs Traditional Medicare: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis,” JAMA Health Forum 2, no. 12 (December 2021):e214001, doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.4001

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  121. Sungchul Park et al., “Differences in Health Care Utilization, Process of Diabetes Care, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status in Patients With Diabetes in Medicare Advantage Versus Traditional Medicare,” Medical Care 58, no. 11 (November 2020): 1004-1012, doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000001390

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  122. Sungchul Park et al., “Health Care Utilization, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status for Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries With and Without Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias,” JAMA Network Open 3, no. 3 (March 2020): e201809, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.1809

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  123. Sungchul Park, “Effect of Medicare Advantage on health care use and care dissatisfaction in mental illness,” Health Services Research 57, no. 4 (February 2022): 820-829, https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13945

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  124. Zachary Levinson and Julia Adler-Milstein, “A decade of experience for high-needs beneficiaries under Medicare Advantage,” Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 2020): 100490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2020.100490

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  125. Sungchul Park, “Effect of Medicare Advantage on health care use and care dissatisfaction in mental illness,” Health Services Research 57, no. 4 (February 2022): 820-829, https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13945

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  126. Gretchen Jacobson, Aimee Cicchiello, Janet P. Sutton, and Arnav Shah, Medicare Advantage vs. Traditional Medicare: How Do Beneficiaries’ Characteristics and Experiences Differ? (Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund, October 2021), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2021/oct/medicare-advantage-vs-traditional-medicare-beneficiaries-differ

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  127. Joseph P. Newhouse et al., “Delivery System Performance as Its Financial Risk Varies,” American Journal of Managed Care 25, no. 12 (December 2019): e388-e394,  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7412600/

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  128. Aaron L. Schwartz et al., “Health Care Utilization and Spending in Medicare Advantage vs Traditional Medicare: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis,” JAMA Health Forum 2, no. 12 (December 2021):e214001, doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.4001

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  129. Kelly E. Anderson, Daniel Polsky, Sydney Dy, and Aditi P. Sen, “Prescribing of low- versus high-cost Part B drugs in Medicare Advantage and traditional Medicare,” Health Services Research 57, no. 3 (November 2021): 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13912

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  130. Sungchul Park et al., “Differences in Health Care Utilization, Process of Diabetes Care, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status in Patients With Diabetes in Medicare Advantage Versus Traditional Medicare,” Medical Care 58, no. 11 (November 2020): 1004-1012, doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000001390

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  131. Sungchul Park et al., “Health Care Utilization, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status for Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries With and Without Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias,” JAMA Network Open 3, no. 3 (March 2020): e201809, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.1809

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  132. Sungchul Park, “Effect of Medicare Advantage on health care use and care dissatisfaction in mental illness,” Health Services Research 57, no. 4 (February 2022): 820-829, https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13945

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  133. LC Baker, MK Bundorf, and DP Kessler, “The Effects of Medicare Advantage on Opioid Use,” Journal of Health Economics 70 (March 2020), doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2019.102278

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  134. Zachary Levinson and Julia Adler-Milstein, “A decade of experience for high-needs beneficiaries under Medicare Advantage,” Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 2020): 100490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2020.100490

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  135. Paul Jacobs and Jayasree Basu, “Medicare Advantage and Postdischarge Quality: Evidence From Hospital Readmissions,” American Journal of Managed Care 26, no. 12 (December 2020), https://www.ajmc.com/view/medicare-advantage-and-postdischarge-quality-evidence-from-hospital-readmissions

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  136. Peter Huckfeldt et al., “Less Intense Postacute Care, Better Outcomes For Enrollees In Medicare Advantage Than Those In Fee-For-Service,” Health Affairs 36, no. 1 (January 2017): 91-100,
    https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1027

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  137. Amit Kumar et al., “Comparing post-acute rehabilitation use, length of stay, and outcomes experienced by Medicare fee-for-service and Medicare Advantage beneficiaries with hip fracture in the United States: A secondary analysis of administrative data,” Plos Medicine 15 no. 6 (June 2018): e1002592, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002592

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  138. Daniel Jung et al., “Likelihood of hospital readmission in Medicare Advantage and Fee‐For‐Service within same hospital,” Health Services Research 55, no. 4 (August 2020): 587-595, https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13315

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  139. Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez, Momotazur Rahman, Vincent Mor, and Amal N. Trivedi, “Racial disparities in readmission rates among patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities,” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 67 no. 8 (August 2019): 1672-1679, doi: 10.1111/jgs.15960

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  140. Laura Skopec et al., “Home Health And Postacute Care Use In Medicare Advantage And Traditional Medicare,” Health Affairs 39 no. 5 (May 2020): 837-842, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00844

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  141. Justin W. Timbie et al., “Medicare Advantage and Fee‐for‐Service Performance on Clinical Quality and Patient Experience Measures: Comparisons from Three Large States,” Health Services Research 52, no. 6 (December 2017): 2038-2060, doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12787

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  142. Amit Kumar et al., “Comparing post-acute rehabilitation use, length of stay, and outcomes experienced by Medicare fee-for-service and Medicare Advantage beneficiaries with hip fracture in the United States: A secondary analysis of administrative data,” Plos Medicine 15 no. 6 (June 2018): e1002592, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002592

    [cxlii] Daniel Jung et al., “Likelihood of hospital readmission in Medicare Advantage and Fee‐For‐Service within same hospital,” Health Services Research 55, no. 4 (August 2020): 587-595, https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13315

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  143. Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez, Momotazur Rahman, Vincent Mor, and Amal N. Trivedi, “Racial disparities in readmission rates among patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities,” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 67 no. 8 (August 2019): 1672-1679, doi: 10.1111/jgs.15960

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  144. Peter Huckfeldt et al., “Less Intense Postacute Care, Better Outcomes For Enrollees In Medicare Advantage Than Those In Fee-For-Service,” Health Affairs 36, no. 1 (January 2017): 91-100,
    https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1027

    ← Return to text

  145. Laura Skopec et al., “Home Health And Postacute Care Use In Medicare Advantage And Traditional Medicare,” Health Affairs 39 no. 5 (May 2020): 837-842, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00844

    ← Return to text

  146. Daniel Jung et al., “Likelihood of hospital readmission in Medicare Advantage and Fee‐For‐Service within same hospital,” Health Services Research 55, no. 4 (August 2020): 587-595, https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13315

    ← Return to text

  147. Justin W. Timbie et al., “Medicare Advantage and Fee‐for‐Service Performance on Clinical Quality and Patient Experience Measures: Comparisons from Three Large States,” Health Services Research 52, no. 6 (December 2017): 2038-2060, doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12787

    ← Return to text

  148. Paul Jacobs and Jayasree Basu, “Medicare Advantage and Postdischarge Quality: Evidence From Hospital Readmissions,” American Journal of Managed Care 26, no. 12 (December 2020), https://www.ajmc.com/view/medicare-advantage-and-postdischarge-quality-evidence-from-hospital-readmissions

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  149. Yue Li et al., “Medicare Advantage Associated With More Racial Disparity Than Traditional Medicare For Hospital Readmissions,” Health Affairs 36, no. 7 (July 2017): 1328-1335, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1344

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  150. Michael F Yayac, Samantha L Harrer, David A Janiec, and P Maxwell Courtney, “Costs and Outcomes of Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty,” Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 28, no. 20 (October 2020): e910-e916, DOI: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-19-00609

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  151. Joobong June Park Oh, “Analysis of Hospital Readmission Patterns in Medicare Fee-for-Service and Medicare Advantage Beneficiaries,” Professional Case Management 22, no. 1 (January/February 2017): 10-20, doi: 10.1097/NCM.0000000000000172

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  152. Rachel Mosher Henke et al., “Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Hospitalization Intensity and Readmissions,” Medical Care Research and Review 75 no. 4 (August 2018): 434-453, https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1077558717692103

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  153. Rachel Mosher Henke et al., “Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Hospitalization Intensity and Readmissions,” Medical Care Research and Review 75 no. 4 (August 2018): 434-453, https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1077558717692103

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  154. Joobong June Park Oh, “Analysis of Hospital Readmission Patterns in Medicare Fee-for-Service and Medicare Advantage Beneficiaries,” Professional Case Management 22, no. 1 (January/February 2017): 10-20, doi: 10.1097/NCM.0000000000000172

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  155. Michael F Yayac, Samantha L Harrer, David A Janiec, and P Maxwell Courtney, “Costs and Outcomes of Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty,” Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 28, no. 20 (October 2020): e910-e916, DOI: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-19-00609

    ← Return to text

  156. Yue Li et al., “Medicare Advantage Associated With More Racial Disparity Than Traditional Medicare For Hospital Readmissions,” Health Affairs 36, no. 7 (July 2017): 1328-1335, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1344

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  157. Orestis A. Panagiotou et al., “Hospital Readmission Rates in Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare: A Retrospective Population-Based Analysis,” Annals of Internal Medicine 171, no. 2 (July 2019): 99-106, doi: 10.7326/M18-1795

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  158. Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez, Momotazur Rahman, Vincent Mor, and Amal N. Trivedi, “Racial disparities in readmission rates among patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities,” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 67 no. 8 (August 2019): 1672-1679, doi: 10.1111/jgs.15960

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  159. Yue Li et al., “Medicare Advantage Associated With More Racial Disparity Than Traditional Medicare For Hospital Readmissions,” Health Affairs 36, no. 7 (July 2017): 1328-1335, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1344

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  160. Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez, Momotazur Rahman, Vincent Mor, and Amal N. Trivedi, “Racial disparities in readmission rates among patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities,” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 67 no. 8 (August 2019): 1672-1679, doi: 10.1111/jgs.15960

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  161. Yue Li et al., “Medicare Advantage Associated With More Racial Disparity Than Traditional Medicare For Hospital Readmissions,” Health Affairs 36, no. 7 (July 2017): 1328-1335, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1344

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  162. William B. Weeks et al., “Ambulatory Care Sensitive Condition Admission Rates in Younger and Older Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage Populations, 2011–2019,” Journal of General Internal Medicine 18 (June 2021), https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-021-06955-7

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  163. Sungchul Park et al., “Racial Disparities in Avoidable Hospitalizations in Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage,” Medical Care 59 no. 11 (November 2021):989-996, doi:10.1097/MLR.0000000000001632

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  164. Sungchul Park et al., “Racial Disparities in Avoidable Hospitalizations in Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage,” Medical Care 59 no. 11 (November 2021):989-996, doi:10.1097/MLR.0000000000001632

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  165. David Meyers et al., “Comparison of the Quality of Hospitals That Admit Medicare Advantage Patients vs Traditional Medicare Patients,” JAMA 3 no. 1 (January 2020): e1919310, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.19310

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  166. Daeho Kim et al. “Comparison of the Use of Top-Ranked Cancer Hospitals Between Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare,” The American Journal of Managed Care 27, no. 10 (October 2021): https://www.ajmc.com/view/comparison-of-the-use-of-top-ranked-cancer-hospitals-between-medicare-advantage-and-traditional-medicare

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  167. Margot Schwartz et al., “Quality of Home Health Agencies Serving Traditional Medicare vs Medicare Advantage Beneficiaries,” JAMA 2 no. 9 (September 2019): e1910622, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.10622

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  168. Laura Skopec et al., “Home Health Use In Medicare Advantage Compared To Use In Traditional Medicare,” Health Affairs 39, no. 6 (June 2020): 1072–1079, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01091

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  169. David J. Meyers, Vincent Mor, and Momotazur Rahman, “Medicare Advantage Enrollees More Likely To Enter Lower-Quality Nursing Homes Compared To Fee-For-Service Enrollees,” Health Affairs 37, no. 1 (January 2018): 78-85, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0714

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  170. Emiley Chang et al., “Differences in Nursing Home Quality Between Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Patients,” Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 17, no. 10 (October 2016): 960.e9-960e14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2016.07.017

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  171. Jose F. Figueroa et al., “Quality of Care and Outcomes Among Medicare Advantage vs Fee-for-Service Medicare Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure,” JAMA Cardiology 5, no. 12 (September 2020): 1349-1357, doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.3638

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  172. Jose F. Figueroa et al., “Differences in Management of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Medicare Advantage vs Traditional Fee-for-Service Medicare Among Cardiology Practices,” JAMA Cardiology 4, no. 3 (February 2019): 265-271, doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.0007

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  173. Sungchul Park et al., “Differences in Health Care Utilization, Process of Diabetes Care, Care Satisfaction, and Health Status in Patients With Diabetes in Medicare Advantage Versus Traditional Medicare,” Medical Care 58, no. 11 (November 2020): 1004-1012, doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000001390

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  174. Bruce E. Landon, Alan M. Zaslavsky, Jeffrey Souza, and John Z. Ayanian, “Use of Diabetes Medications in Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage,” The American Journal of Managed Care 27, no. 3 (March 2021), https://www.ajmc.com/view/use-of-diabetes-medications-in-traditional-medicare-and-medicare-advantage

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  175. Justin W. Timbie et al., “Medicare Advantage and Fee‐for‐Service Performance on Clinical Quality and Patient Experience Measures: Comparisons from Three Large States,” Health Services Research 52, no. 6 (December 2017): 2038-2060, doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12787

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  176. Elham Mahmoudi, Wassim Tarraf, Brianna L. Maroukis, and Helen G. Levy, “Does Medicare Managed Care Reduce Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Diabetes Preventive Care and Healthcare Expenditures?” American Journal of Managed Care 22, no. 10 (October 2016): e360-e367, https://www.ajmc.com/view/does-medicare-managed-care-reduce-racial-ethnic-disparities-in-diabetes

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  177. Brian W. Powers et al., “The Beneficial Effects Of Medicare Advantage Special Needs Plans For Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease,” Health Affairs 39, no. 9 (September 2020): 1486-1494, https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01793

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  178. Justin W. Timbie et al., “Medicare Advantage and Fee‐for‐Service Performance on Clinical Quality and Patient Experience Measures: Comparisons from Three Large States,” Health Services Research 52, no. 6 (December 2017): 2038-2060, doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12787

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  179. Sungchul Park et al., “Trends in Use of Low-Value Care in Traditional Fee-for-Service Medicare and Medicare Advantage,” JAMA Network Open, 4 no. 3 (March 2021): e211762, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1762

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  180. Sungchul Park et al., “Trends in Use of Low-Value Care in Traditional Fee-for-Service Medicare and Medicare Advantage,” JAMA Network Open, 4 no. 3 (March 2021): e211762, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1762

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  181. David Meyers et al., “Analysis of Drivers of Disenrollment and Plan Switching Among Medicare Advantage Beneficiaries,” JAMA Internal Medicine 179, no. 4 (February 2019): 524-532, doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.7639

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  182. Aaron L. Schwartz et al., “Health Care Utilization and Spending in Medicare Advantage vs Traditional Medicare: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis,” JAMA Health Forum 2, no. 12 (December 2021):e214001, doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.4001

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