The number of the nonelderly (under age 65) uninsured in the United States increased in 2004 to 45.5 million, an increase of 800,000 over 2003. Health insurance affects people’s access to health care, their health status, their job decisions, and their financial security. Health insurance makes a difference in whether people get necessary medical care, where they get their care, and, ultimately, how healthy they are. About two-thirds of the nonelderly uninsured are low income (
see Exhibit 7.4), so medical bills can cause financial burdens for individuals and families. Uncompensated care to uninsured and underinsured individuals and the safety net of public hospitals and community clinics do not fully substitute for health insurance.